Chapter 1

Question 1

Define anatomy

Answer 1

Scientific investigation of the body’s structure identify

Question 2

Define physiology

Answer 2

Scientific investigation of the processes or functions of living things
how it functions

Question 3

List levels of organization from simplest to most complex

Answer 3

-atoms
-molecules (composed of^)
-organelle (composed of^)
-cell (composed of^)
-tissue (composed of^)
-organ (composed of^)
-organ system (composed of^)
-organism (composed of^)

Question 4

What are the 5 environmental factors required for human life

Answer 4

-water
-food
-oxygen
-heat
-pressure

Question 5

What are the 11 organ systems

Answer 5

1-respiratory
2-muscular
3-circulatory
4-nervous
5-reproductive
6-skeletal
7-endocrine
8-digestive
9-lymphatic
10-integumentary
11-urinary

Question 6

Define homeostasis

Answer 6

The relative constancy of the body’s internal environment

Question 7

Examples of homeostasis

Answer 7

-temperature regulation
-regulation of blood CO2 level
-regulation of blood glucose level
-regulation of blood pressure

Question 8

What is set point in terms of homeostasis

Answer 8

The ideal normal value of a variable

Question 9

What is the set point for body temperature?

Answer 9

98.6 F

Question 10

What are the two types of feedback systems?

Answer 10

Negative and positive

Question 11

What is the most common feedback system?

Answer 11

Negative

Question 12

What is the least common feedback system?

Answer 12

Positive

Question 13

Example of negative feedback

Answer 13

-sweating when hot
-shivering when cold

Question 14

Example of positive feedback

Answer 14

-Childbirth
-blood clotting
-protein digestion
-fever

Question 15

Vasodilation and what type of feedback

Answer 15

Negative feedback
-if too warm, vessels dilate and sweating begins (heat-losing mechanism)

Question 16

Vasoconstriction and what type of feedback

Answer 16

Negative feedback
-if too cold, vessels constrict and shivering begins (heat-gaining mechanism)

Question 17

Hypothermia

Answer 17

Stimulus- decrease in body temperature
Response- vasoconstriction in skin, shivers if needed (heat-gaining mechanism)

Question 18

Hyperthermia

Answer 18

Stimulus- increase in body temperature
Response- vasodilation and sweating
(Heat-losing mechanism)

Question 19

What is positive feedback

Answer 19

Increase the change or output in order for the process to be completed more quickly so the body can return to normal

Question 20

What is negative feedback

Answer 20

Occurs to reduce the change or output by constantly adjusting to correct the abnormal situation