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chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Professional organization representing psychologists in the United States.

A

American Psychological Association (APA)

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2
Q

Focus on observing and controlling behaviors

A

Behaviorism

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3
Q

Study of how biology influences behavior

A

Biopsychology

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3
Q

Perspective that asserts that biology, psychology, and social factors interact to determine an individual’s health

A

Biopsychosocial model

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4
Q

Study of cognitions or thoughts and their relationship to experiences and actions

A

Cognitive psychology

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4
Q

Area of psychology that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior

A

Clinical psychology

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5
Q

Area of psychology that focuses on improving emotional, social, vocational, and other aspects of the lives of psychologically healthy individuals

A

Counseling psychology

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6
Q

Scientific study of development across a lifespan

A

Developmental psychology

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7
Q

Long research paper about research that was conducted as a part of the candidate’s doctoral training

A

Dissertation

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8
Q

Method for acquiring knowledge based on observation, including experimentation, rather than a method based only on forms of logical argument or previous authorities

A

Empirical Method

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9
Q

Area of psychology that applies the science and practice of psychology to issues within and related to the justice system

A

Forensic psychology

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10
Q

Focused on how mental activities helped an organism adapt to its environment

A

Functionalism

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11
Q

Perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans

A

Humanism

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12
Q

process by which someone examines their own conscious experience in an attempt to break it into its component parts

A

Introspection

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13
Q

Suffix that denotes “scientific study of”

A

-ology

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14
Q

Study of patterns of thoughts and behaviors that makes each individual unique

A

Personality psychology

14
Q

Consistent pattern of thought and behavior

A

Personality trait

15
Q

Doctoral degree conferred in many disciplinary perspectives housed in a traditional college or liberal arts and sciences

A

PhD (Doctor of Philosophy)

16
Q

allows young scientists to further develop their research programs and broaden their research skills under the supervision of other professionals in the field

A

Postdoctoral training program

17
Q

Focus on the role of the unconscious in affecting conscious behavior

A

Psychoanalytic Theory

18
Q

Scientific study of the mind and behavior

A

Psychology

19
Q

Doctoral degree that places less emphasis on research-oriented skills and focuses more on application of psychological principles on the clinical context

A

PsyD (Doctor of Psychology)

20
Q

Area of psychology that focuses on the interactions between mental and emotional factors and physical performance in sports, exercise, and other activities

A

Sport and exercise psychology

21
Q

Understanding the conscious experience through introspection

A

Structuralism

22
Q

what was mentioned as a skill to which psychology students would be exposed
a. critical thinking
b. use of the scientific method
c. critical evaluation of sources of information
d. all of the above

A

D. All of the above

23
Q

Before psychology became a recognized academic discipline, matters of the mind were undertaken by those in
a. biology
b. chemistry
c. philosophy
d. physics

A

C. Philosophy

24
Q

In the scientific method, a hypothesis is a
a. observation
b. measurement
c. test
d. proposed explanation

A

D. Proposed explanation

25
Q

what theorist would be most likely to agree with this statement: perceptual phenomena are best understood as a combination of their components
a. william james
b. max wertheimer
c. carl rogers
d. noam chomsky

A

B. Max Wertheimer

26
Q

who is most well known for proposing his hierarchy of needs
a. noam chomsky
b. carl rogers
c. abraham maslow
d. sigmund freud

A

C. Abraham Maslow

27
Q

Rogers believed that providing genuineness empathy, and ______ in the therapeutic environment for his clients was critical to their being able to deal with their problems
a. Structuralism
b. Functionalism
c. Gestalt
d. Unconditional positive regard

A

D. Unconditional positive regard

28
Q

The operant conditioning chamber (aka_____ box) is a device used to study the principles of operant conditioning
a. Skinner
b. Watson
c. James
d. Koffka

A

A. Skinner

29
Q

A researcher interested in how changes in the cells of the hippocampus ( A structure in the brain related to learning and memory) are related to memory formation would be most likely to identify as a
a. Biological
b. Health
c. Clinical
d. Social

A

A. Biological

30
Q

an individual’s consistent pattern of thought and behavior is known as
a. Psychosexual stage
b. Object permanence
c. personality
d. perception

A

C. Personality

31
Q

Milgram’s controversial study on obedience, nearly______ of the participants were willing to administer what appeared to be lethal electrical shocks to another person because they were told to do so by an authority figure
a. 1/3
b. 2/3
c. 3/4
d. 4/5

A

B. 2/3

32
Q

A researcher interested in what factors make an employee best suited for a given job would most likely identify as a _______ psychologist
a. personality
b. clinical
c. social
d. I-O

A

D. I-O

33
Q

If someone wanted to become a psychology professor at a 4-year college, they would probably need a ______ degree in psychology
a. bachelor of science
b. bachelor of art
c. master’s
d. PhD

A

D. PhD

34
Q

The ______ places less emphasis on research and more emphasis on application of therapeutic skills
a. PhD
b. PsyD
c. Postdoctoral training program
d. dissertation

A

B. PsyD

35
Q

Which of the following degrees would be the minimum required to teach psychology courses in high school
a. PhD
b. PsyD
c. Master’s degree
d. Bachelors degree

A

D. Bachelors degree

36
Q

One would need at least a ____ degree to serve as a school psychologist
a. Associates
b. Bachelors
c. masters
d. doctoral

A

C. Masters

psychology (8 decks)

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