Chapter 1

Question 1

What is cognition?

Answer 1

Sum of all intelligent mental activities are cognition

Acquisition and processing of sensory information about the world in order to make behavioural decisions.

Question 2

What are some “under the hood processes” of cognition?

Answer 2

Recognizing objects, words, colours etc

Question 3

What is basic research?

Answer 3

Understanding something

Question 4

What is applied research?

Answer 4

Solving things

Question 5

What are human factors?

Answer 5

Field of Psyc trying to apply psychological models to real systems.

Ex. Creating plane cockpits in a way with a specific coloured emergency button so it can be spotted more easily in an emergency

Question 6

What does the phrase “if we understand how something really works we should be able to build it” mean?

Answer 6

Ex. We don’t have all purpose house cleaning robot, we don’t know how everything works enough to make it.

Question 7

What is flexible intelligence and its relation to machines?

Answer 7

Machines will typically fail at situations they haven’t encountered before. Being able adapt requires flexible intelligence

Question 8

Explain a new advancement: computer / machine vision

Answer 8

Scanning environment and identifying objects

Also have human speech recognition, like

Question 9

What is machine learning?

Answer 9

Machines are being programmed to learn/change behaviour to get better at a task.

Modelled after the brain

Question 10

What are large language models?

Answer 10

Ex. Chat gpt

Question 11

What are the three pronged approach to cognition?

Answer 11

Neuroscience: study of brain and major systems. Their activity and regions of the brain and their individual neurons.

Cognitive psychology: studying intelligence using behavioural experiments. Also naturalistic observation: creatures, observed in natural environments

Computational modeling: computer models of the brain, now it’s Ai too