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Anatomy > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Cerebrum

A

Front of the brain

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2
Q

Cerebellum

A

middle of the brain

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3
Q

Brain stem

A

Back/Bottom of the brain

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4
Q

Aorta

A

Main artery that carries blood away from the heart

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5
Q

Heart

A

pumps blood around the body

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6
Q

Vena Cava

A

two large veins that return blood to the heart

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7
Q

Lungs

A

collect oxygen from the air

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8
Q

Trachea

A

connects lungs to the larynx

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9
Q

Esophagus

A

Connects Throat to stomach

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10
Q

Carotid Arteries

A

Two arteries in the neck

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11
Q

Jugular Vein

A

Vein that returns blood from the head

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12
Q

Thyroid

A

controls metabolism, located in the neck

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13
Q

Diaphragm

A

contracts and expands to open and close lungs, located right under the lungs

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14
Q

Liver

A

produces bile, which breaks down fat, located in the upper right side of the abdominal cavity

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15
Q

Gall Bladder

A

Stores bile, located on the underside of the liver

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16
Q

Pancreas

A

Makes enzymes that break down food, located a little bit below the liver

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17
Q

Stomach

A

Stores food, located on the upper right side of the abdominal cavity

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18
Q

Small intestine

A

breaks down food, located under the large intestine

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19
Q

Kidney

A

Removes waste and extra fluid from the body, located Just below the rib cage, one on each side of the spine

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20
Q

Ureters

A

carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder

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21
Q

Adrenal Glands

A

produce hormones for the body, one is located behind each kidney

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22
Q

Spleen

A

Stores and filters blood, located in the upper left part of the abdominal cavity

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23
Q

Large intestine

A

absorbs water and salt from food, located around the outside of the small intestine

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24
Q

Otic

A

Ear

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25
Q

Nasal

A

nose

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26
Q

Oral

A

mouth

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27
Q

cervical

A

neck

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28
Q

acromial

A

point of shoulder

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29
Q

Axillary

A

Armpir

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30
Q

Mamary

A

Breast

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31
Q

Brachial

A

Arm

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32
Q

Antecubital

A

Front of elbow

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33
Q

carpal

A

wrist

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34
Q

palmar

A

palm

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35
Q

digital

A

finger

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36
Q

Genitals

A

reproductive organs

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37
Q

patellar

A

front of knee

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38
Q

Tarsal

A

top of the foot

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39
Q

Digital

A

toe

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40
Q

Cephalic

A

Frontal

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41
Q

Orbital

A

head

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42
Q

frontal

A

forehead

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43
Q

orbital

A

eye cavity

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44
Q

buccal

A

cheek

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45
Q

mental

A

chin

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46
Q

sternal

A

sternum

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47
Q

pectoral

A

chest

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48
Q

umbillical

A

navel (belly button)

49
Q

Inguinal

A

groin

50
Q

Coxal

A

hip

51
Q

crural

A

entire leg

52
Q

pedal

A

foot

53
Q

Occipital

A

back of head

54
Q

vertebral

A

spinal column

55
Q

brachial

A

arm

56
Q

dorsum

A

back

57
Q

cubital

A

elbow

58
Q

lumbar

A

lower back

59
Q

sacral

A

between hips

60
Q

gluteal

A

buttocks

61
Q

perineal

A

bottom of the pelvis

62
Q

femoral

A

thigh

63
Q

popliteal

A

back of knee

64
Q

Plantar

A

sole of the foot

65
Q

Sural

A

calf

66
Q

all homeostatic control mechanisms have what three interdependent components

A

control center, receptor, effector

67
Q

negative feedback mechanisms

A

try to oppose the stimulus

68
Q

positive feedback mechanisms

A

tries to continue the stimulus (ex. when a women gives birth)

69
Q

Which two major body cavities hold most of the internal organs

A

Dorsal, and ventral

70
Q

Dorsal cavity

A

contains vertebral and cranial cavities

71
Q

cranial cavity

A

contains breain

72
Q

vertebral cavity

A

contains spinal cord

73
Q

thoracic cavity

A

contains pleural and pericardial cavity

74
Q

Ventral body cavity

A

contains thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

75
Q

pleural cavity

A

(right and left) contains lungs

76
Q

Pericardial cavity

A

holds the heart

77
Q

Mediastinum

A

region in the thoracic cavity that contains the heart, esophagus, trachea and thymus

78
Q

abdominopelvic cavity

A

contains abdominal and pelvic cavity

79
Q

Abdominal cavity

A

holds the stomach, intestines, spleen, liver, and gallbladder

80
Q

Pelvic cavity

A

holds the bladder, some reproductive organs, and the terminal end of the large intestines

81
Q

Oral cavity

A

contains teeth and tounge

82
Q

nasal cavity

A

within the nose

83
Q

orbital cavity

A

contains eyes

84
Q

middle ear cavities

A

contain the middle ear bones

85
Q

Cutaneous membrane

A

dry membrane that covers the outside of the body

86
Q

Mucous membranes

A

line interior body cavities that are open to the exterior

87
Q

Serous membranes

A

line the walls of the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities, secrete a slippery serous fluid that separates the layer lining the wall of the cavity form the layer covering the organ

88
Q

Pariteal layer

A

line the wall of the thoracic cavity

89
Q

visceral layer

A

cover the organ

90
Q

Pleural membranes

A

Serous membrane surrounding the lungs

91
Q

Peritoneal membranes

A

serous membrane surrounding the organs of the abdominopelvic cavity

92
Q

Integumentary system

A

skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, protects deeper tissues from injury, synthesizes vitamin D, Houses cutaneous sensory receptors, houses sweat and oil glands, helps regulate body temperature

93
Q

Skeletal system

A

Bones, cartilage, joints; protects and supports organs, provides framework for attachment of muscles, bones produce blood cells, stores minerals

94
Q

Muscular system

A

maintains posture, movement/facial expressions, manipulates environment, produces heat

95
Q

Nervous system

A

fast-acting control system of the body, coordinates activities of all other systems, responds to stimuli, allows us to think

96
Q

Endocrine system

A

Secretes hormones directly into the blood stream, hormones regulate the body’s internal process

97
Q

Cardiocascular system

A

transports materials to and from cells

98
Q

Lymphatic system

A

picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels, disposes of debris in lymphatic system, houses white blood cells involved in immunity.

99
Q

Respiratory System

A

keeps blood constantly supplies with oxygen, removes carbon dioxide, provides a location for an exchange of gasses.

100
Q

Digestive system

A

Breaks food down into absorbable units that can enter blood, absorbs excess water and minerals; eliminates undigested material.

101
Q

Urinary system

A

eliminates excess water, salts, foreign substances, and cellular waste products in the form of urine.

102
Q

Immune system

A

protects the body through the immune response: foreign substances are attacked by lymphocytes

103
Q

anatomical position

A

Body erect, feet together, palms facing forward

104
Q

Saggital plane

A

divides body into left and right

105
Q

Midsagittal plane

A

exactly at midline of body.organ and divides it into two parts that are symmetrical and equal

106
Q

Parasagittal plane

A

all other saggital planes that aren’t at the midline

107
Q

Frontal plane

A

divides the body/organ into anterior and posterior portions

108
Q

Transverse plane

A

runs horizontally across the body/organ into superior and inferior portion (top and bottom)

109
Q

Cross section

A

straight line cut through a tube horizontally

110
Q

oblique

A

diagonal line cut through tube horizontally

111
Q

longitudinal

A

tube cut in half vertically

112
Q

Superior/inferior

A

above/below

113
Q

anterior/posterior

A

Front/behind

114
Q

dorsal/ventral

A

back/front

115
Q

cranial/caudal

A

towards head/ toward tail

116
Q

medial/lateral

A

middle/ to the side

117
Q

proximal/distal

A

close to/ far away from the attachment of the appendage

118
Q

superfecial/deep

A

exterior/interior

Anatomy (9 decks)

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