Chapter 1

Question 1

The study of the composition, structure, and properties of substances and the changes they undergo.

Answer 1

Chemistry

Question 2

A substance produced or used in a chemical process.

Answer 2

Chemical

Question 3

The study of substances containing carbon and hydrogen, and their derivatives.

Answer 3

Organic Chemistry

Question 4

The study of all substances not classified as organic chemicals (all substances containing elements other than carbon.)

Answer 4

Inorganic Chemistry

Question 5

The study of the properties, transformations, and interrelationships of energy and matter.

Answer 5

Physical Chemistry

Question 6

The study of all substances and processes that occur in living things.

Answer 6

Biochemistry

Question 7

The identification of substances and the qualitative and quantitative determination of the composition of materials.

Answer 7

Analytical Chemistry

Question 8

Anything that has mass and occupies space.

Answer 8

Matter

Question 9

The resistance to change in motion.

Answer 9

Inertia

Question 10

A measure of the earth’s gravitational attraction for matter.

Answer 10

Weight

Question 11

The measure of the quantity of matter.

Answer 11

Mass

Question 12

Matter cannot be created or destroyed by ordinary chemical or physical changes.

Answer 12

Law of Conservation of Matter

Question 13

Has a definite shape and volume

Answer 13

Solid

Question 14

Has a definite volume, but not a definite shape.

Answer 14

Liquid

Question 15

No definite shape or volume.

Answer 15

Gas

Question 16

Gaseous system composed of positive charged particles and negative charged electrons.

Answer 16

Plasma

Question 17

The ability to cause change or the ability to do work.

Answer 17

Energy

Question 18

The energy of motion

Answer 18

Kinetic Energy

Question 19

The energy of position or composition.

Answer 19

Potential Energy

Question 20

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but is can only change forms.

Answer 20

Law of Conservation of Energy

Question 21

Enable us to distinguish one kind of matter from another

Answer 21

Properties

Question 22

Can be observed or measured without altering the identity of a material.

Answer 22

Physical Properties

Question 23

Depend on the amount of matter present. (Mass, Length, and Volume)

Answer 23

Extensive Physical Properties

Question 24

Do not depend on the amount of matter present.

Answer 24

Intensive Physical Properties

Question 25

Any change in a property of matter that does not result in a change in identity.

Answer 25

Physical Change

Question 26

Changes among the states of matter.

Answer 26

Changes of State

Question 27

The ability of a substance to undergo a change that alters its identity.

Answer 27

Chemical Properties

Question 28

When one or more substances are converted into different substances with different chemical properties.

Answer 28

Chemical Change

Question 29

Substances that undergo a chemical reaction.

Answer 29

Reactants

Question 30

The new substances produced by a chemical reaction

Answer 30

Products

Question 31

Solid that separates from a solution.

Answer 31

Precipitate

Question 32

A process that releases heat.

Answer 32

Exothermic

Question 33

A process that absorbs heat.

Answer 33

Endothermic

Question 34

Combination of 2 or more types of matter which retains its own composition or properties.

Answer 34

Mixture

Question 35

The composition and properties are not uniform as they differ from point to point in the mixture.

Answer 35

Heterogeneous Mixture

Question 36

The composition and properties are uniform throughout the mixture.

Answer 36

Homogeneous Mixture

Question 37

Another word for homogeneous mixtures.

Answer 37

Solutions

Question 38

A portion of matter having both the same physical and chemical properties.

Answer 38

Phase

Question 39

A pure substance that cannot be decomposed by ordinary means.

Answer 39

Element

Question 40

A pure substance that can be decomposed into 2 or more simpler substances by a chemical change.

Answer 40

Chemical Compound

Question 41

The vertical columns of elements numbered from 1-18

Answer 41

Groups

Question 42

Horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table numbered from 1-7

Answer 42

Periods

Question 43

An element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity.

Answer 43

Metal

Question 44

An element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity.

Answer 44

Nonmetal

Question 45

An element that has both properties of metals and nonmetals, and is a semiconductor

Answer 45

Metalloid

Question 46

Basically inert and do not fit into any other category

Answer 46

Noble Gases