Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A&P 1 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

Describes structures of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Physiology

A

Study of function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Gross anatomy

A

Examines large, visible structures (macroscopic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Surface anatomy

A

Exterior features

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Regional anatomy

A

Body areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Systemic anatomy

A

Groups of organs working together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Histology

A

Study of tissues (microscopic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cytology

A

Study of cells (microscopic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How is physiology divided?

A

By organ system; can also be specific to body chemicals (molecular) or cellular processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Levels of organization

A
  1. Chemical
  2. Cellular
  3. Tissue
  4. Organ
  5. Organ system
  6. Organism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the 4 types of tissue?

A

Connective, epithelial, muscle, and nervous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the cycle of homeostasis?

A

Receptor, control center, effector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the negative feedback loop cycle?

A

Stimulus, receptor, control center, effector (response)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What makes a positive feedback loop different from a negative feedback loop?

A

The response of the effector increases change of the stimulus and moves the body further away from homeostasis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Gradient

A

Unequal amount of something in 2 adjacent areas.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Three common gradients

A

Pressure, concentration, temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How does a gradient move?

A

A gradient will always move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How do cells communicate?

A

Chemical messengers or electrical signals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How do processes happen during cell to cell communication?

A

Sodium ions move into neurons, change voltages and make things happen.

20
Q

What are the functions of the integumentary system?

A
  • protects the body from the external environment
  • produces vitamin D
  • Retains water
  • Regulates body temperature
21
Q

What are the functions of the skeletal system?

A
  • supports the body
  • protects internal organs
  • provides leverage for movement
  • produces blood cells
  • stores calcium salts
22
Q

What are the functions of the muscular system?

A
  • Produces movement
  • controls body movement
  • generates heat
23
Q

What are the functions of the nervous system?

A
  • regulates body functions

- provides for sensation, movement, automatic functions, and higher mental functions via nerve impulses

24
Q

What are the functions of the endocrine system?

A
  • regulates body functions

- regulates the functions of muscles, glands, and other tissues through the secretion of chemicals called hormones

25
Q

What are the functions of the cardiovascular system?

A
  • pumps and delivers oxygen poor blood to the lungs and oxygen rich blood to the tissues
  • removes wastes from the tissues
  • Transport cells, nutrients, and other substances
26
Q

What are the functions of the lymphatic system?

A
  • returns excess tissue fluid to the cardiovascular system

- Provides immunity (protection against disease)

27
Q

What are the functions of the respiratory system?

A

-delivers oxygen to the blood
-Removes carbon dioxide from the
body
-maintains the acid-base balance of the blood

28
Q

What are the functions of the digestive system?

A
  • digests food
  • absorbs nutrients into the blood
  • Removes food waste
  • Maintains fluid, electrolyte, and acid- base balance
29
Q

What are the functions of the urinary system?

A
  • removes metabolic wastes from the blood
  • Maintains fluid, electrolyte, and acid- base balance
  • stimulates blood cell production
30
Q

What are the functions of the reproductive system (male)?

A
  • produces and transports sperm
  • Secretes hormones
  • sexual function
31
Q

What are the functions of the reproductive system (female)?

A
  • produces and transports oocytes (eggs)
  • Site of fetal development, fetal nourishment, childbirth, and lactation
  • Secretes hormones
  • Sexual function
32
Q

What phrase best summarizes the principle of complementarity of structure and function?

A

Form follows function

33
Q

What is anabolism?

A

Smaller chemicals are combined to form larger ones, such as building muscle

34
Q

Catabolism

A

Larger chemicals are broken down into smaller ones, as in digestion.

35
Q

What happens when there is more anabolism than catabolism?

A

Growth

36
Q

What is growth?

A

Increase in size of cells or in increase in number of cells

37
Q

Excretion

A

End of metabolic processes; waste processes

38
Q

What are the properties common to all living organisms?

A

One or more cells, metabolism (anabolism & catabolism), growth, excretion, responsiveness, movement, and reproduction

39
Q

Microscopic anatomy

A

Requires microscope; histology (tissue), cytology (cell)

40
Q

How are electrical signals between cells characterized?

A

They typically travel to neighboring cells

41
Q

How are chemical messengers in cell cell communication characterized?

A

They can travel through the blood or other cell fluid

42
Q

A neuron stimulating a muscle cell is an example of

A

cell-cell communication

43
Q

Which feedback loop is responsible for the magnification of uterine contractions during childbirth?

A

positive

44
Q

What cellular structure detects stimuli and sends information to the control center in a feedback loop?

A

receptor

45
Q

A cell or organ that responds to the directions of the control center in a negative feedback loop is termed

A

an effector

A&P 1 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions