Chapmans Flashcards
According to Chapmans pg 13 a boat is considered as being no more than ____meters/ feet in length.
Chapmans states that a PWC is less than ____meters/feet, in additions they cant be operated at night (unless they are fitted with nav lights)
20 meters / 65 feet
4 meters / 13 feet
Salt water is heavier and more dense than fresh water. Sheer is viewed from the side, usually upwards, but can also reverse sheer.
Flare slopes outward at the bow to make it more buoyant and to try and keep the deck drier.
Where is the gunwale located?
Gunwales are basically the deck where the side skin meet.
At the top of bulwarks is called the ______. Pulpits are normally forward at the bow while pushpits are located where?
Rail
The stern - sometimes the pulpits at the stern are called pushpits.
According to Chapmans, the cutwater is located where? The forefoot is located where?
Forward edge of the stem
Where the stem joins the keel
What is the main difference between port light and deadlight?
Port light is openable , deadlight is not
According to Chapmans, areas that are varnished to a high gloss are called _______
A Norman pin is located on a _______ and aids in belaying the line.
Brightwork - in navy terms this can also be applied to polished brass
Samson post
True or false : current is the proper term for the horizontal flow of water?
True or false : the direction in which a current flows is its set and its velocity is its drift.
True
True
Chapmans : the prime meridian is located where, is it latitude or longitude?
A nautical mile is _____ feet or about one seventh longer than the statute mile.
Greenwich England , longitude
6076 feet
Compass error is the result combination of variation and deviation, deviation is what?
Deviation is the error in the magnetic compass caused by local influences on the boat
According to Chapmans, twisted nylon anchor lines elasticity is around ___to___ percent. Braided synthetic line is about ____
15 to 25 percent
14 percent
True or false, the north magnetic pole is more than 400 nm from the north geographic pole and the south magnetic pole is more that 1500 nm from the south geographic pole.
True
According to Chapmans, how many magnets are typically found in a marine compass?
The compass according to Chapmans is the most important navigational tool on a boat
4 magnets
Compass placement according to Chapmans should be about ____to____inches from helmsman’s eyes and tilted forward not more than ___degrees.
The location for a compass should be at least ___feet from magnetic influences.
22 to 30 degrees
20 degrees
2 feet
What are the 3 ways to name a course or heading when using a compass?
True, magnetic or compass
Slow flashing buoys will flash not more than ___times per minute, quick flashing lights will flash not less than ___times each minute
Morse code flashing is repeated how often?
Less than 30 times
Not less than 60 times
Every 8 seconds - short flash, brief dark, then a longer flash and a longer darkness
5,280 feet is the distance to what?
Statute mile
6,076.1 is the distance of what?
Nautical mile
Red and white vertical striped buoy is known as what?
Mid channel of fairway ALSO safe water maker
Also will have a single ball on top - at night displays white light
Red and black horizontal bands mark what?
Danger - has 2 balls on top
Characteristics of lights
Flashing, quick flashing , isophase, occulting
Flashing - 30 or less per second
Quick flashing - 60 per second
Isophase - equal
Occulting - more light than dark
Sound signals used for navigation will normally turn on when visibility is below _____
5 miles
5 types of charts in regards to size
Sailing, general, coast, harbor and small craft charts. What are their sizes?
Sailing - 1 : 600,001
General - 1: 150,001 - 1 : 600,000
Coast - 1 : 50,001 - 1 : 150,000
Harbor - 1 : 50,000 or larger
Nautical mile is how long in statute miles?
GPS has ____satellites in orbit and uses ____ to get your position.
1.15 nm = 1 mile
24 satellites ; uses 3 to get position
Radar for recreational boats typically covers what kind of range ?
16 - 72 miles
Operational range normally 3-8 miles
Racon buoy duty cycle is _____ on and _____off to conserve battery.’
Which has more swing in tide, spring tide or neap tide? When do spring tides occur?
20 on 20 off
Spring tides have more swing, they occur on full and new moon
Tides occur about ____later each day
Semi diurnal tides vs mixed, whats the difference ?
50 minutes
Mix has unequal heights during high and low
EPIRB operate on what frequency?
VHF range is around ____miles and up to ___miles in unusual circumstances broadcasting on a ___watt max.
121.5 MHz
20 miles ; 200 miles ; 25 watt
When calling on VHF radio transmissions must not exceed ____seconds and if no reply what is the process?
30 seconds , wait 2 minutes after 1st attempt in hailing before hailing again, max 3 attempts before 15 minutes of silence
EPIRB , what is a cat 1 vs a cat 2 and how long must each transmit for?
Cat 1 is auto , cat 2 is manual
48 hours
AIS broadcasts positing every ___to___seconds
What is the area of atmosphere that effects boaters?
2 to 10 seconds
Troposphere - 10miles up
What type of fog is most common occurring during what months? Fog effects us how much more than the east coast?
What is the type of fog that is the most bothersome?
Radiation fog ; sept - feb
Fog is 3 times worse on west coast
Advection fog, specifically coastal fog , sun has no effect of dispersing it
Weather flags - meaning and wind speeds
Single pennant
Double pennant
Square flag with black square in middle
small craft warning up to 33knots ; red over white light -
Gale warning 34-47knots - white over red
Storm warning 48knotk - red over red
Yacht size
Mega yacht
Super yacht
Over 40
Over 80
Over 150
PWC size is less that _____feet.
13 feet
According to Chapmans, which diver down flag is required by the Navigation rules?
The international Code flag “A”
According to Chapmans what flag is flown during fuel transfers?
Red flag
Sound signal (fog signal) for power driven vessel under way NOT making way
2 prolonged blasts with 2 seconds separation between blasts within 2 min
Sound signal (fog signal) for power driven vessel making way
1 prolonged blast every 2 minutes
A vessel towing or pushing, NUC, RAM, fishing or sailing vessels, what are their sound signals for restricted visibility?
1 prolonged
2 short
Within 2 min
What are the sound signals for a vessel at anchor?
Ring bell rapidly for 5 seconds every minute
Or a 3 blast whistle signal - 1 short, 1 prolonged, 1 short
Sound signals for vessel aground are what?
3 strokes of bell, 5 seconds of rapid bell ringing, 3 strokes of bell
Every minute
Sound signal (fog signal) for vessel being towed?
4 blasts
1 prolonged, 3 short, within 2 minutes
Sailing vessels sound signal?
1 prolonged, 2 short within 2 minutes
A vessel leaving a dock or berth shall sound what type of signal?
1 prolonged
Inland rules - passing situations, what are the respective signals for leaving to port and starboard?
Leaving you on my port is 1 short
Leaving you on my starboard is 2 short
inland rules - overtaking sound signals. What are the signals for overtaking on YOUR port and YOUR starboard?
Overtaking on YOUR port is 2 short
Overtaking on YOUR starboard is 1 short
Sound signals for inland and international : tell me the signals for overtaking for each.
Inland :
1 short is that I intend to overtake you on YOUR starboard
2 short is that in intend to overtake you on YOUR port
International :
2 prolonged, 1 short I intend to over take you on YOUR starboard
2 prolonged, 2 short i intend to over take you on YOUR port
Nylon line/rode is the most popular for anchoring giving stretching characteristics to of ____to____percent
15 -25 percent
Chapmans states that the length of chain should be about what compared to the length of the boat?
1/2 foot of chain per foot of boat
Anchoring Chapmans
Under favorable conditions what amount of scope is considered a minimum ? What about average conditions for scope?
For maximum efficiency, all a anchors require a low angle pull, preferably less than ____degrees from horizontal
5 to 1
7 or 8 to 1
8 degrees
According to Chapmans
Mid channel or fairway buoys always use what color lights flashing what rhythm?
White
Morse code A
Chapmans Nominal range
Clear weather for meteorological visibility is how many NM ?
10 nm
