CHAP 27 Flashcards
Cardiogenic shock
shock, or lack of perfusion, brought on not by blood loss, but by the hearts inadequate pumping action. It is often the result of a heart attack or CHF.
compensated shock
when the patient is developing shock but the body is still able to maintain perfusion.
decompensated shock
when the body can no longer compensate for low blood volume or lack of perfusion. Late signs such as decreasing blood pressure become evident.
hemorrhagic shock
shock resulting from blood loss
hemostatic agents
substances applied as powder, dressing, gauze, or bandage to stop bleeding.
hypovolemic shock
shock resulting from blood or fluid loss
irreversible shock
when the body has lost the battle to maintain perfusion to vital organs. Even if adequate vital signs return, the patient may die days later due to organ failure.
neurogenic shock
hypoperfusion due to nerve paralysis (spine injury) resulting in the dilation of blood vessels that increase the volume of the circulatory system beyond the point where it can be filled.
Name the three main types of blood vessels, and describe the type of bleeding you would expect to see from each.
Arteries:arterial, spurting, profuse,bright red
Venous bleeding: steady, slow flow, dark red
Capillaries: Slow even slow
List the patient care steps for external bleeding control.
BSI SS apply direct pressure to the wound, and administer oxygen. If bleeding fails to stop tourniquet. The patient should be assessed and treated for shock.
List the signs and symptoms of shock. Which would you expect to see early? Which are late signs? Explain what causes each of them.
altered mental status; pale, cool, and clammy skin; nausea and vomiting; and vital sign changes (increased pulse, increased respiration, decreasing blood pressure , and narrow pulse pressure.) Late signs of shock include thirst, dilated pupils, and cyanosis around lips and finger nails.
List the emergency care steps for treating a patient in shock.
maintaining an open airway, administering oxygen by non rebreather, and taking spinal precautions as needed. The patient should be kept warm and transported.
