CHAP 11

Question 1

List factors you will take into account in forming a general impression

Answer 1

Look at the patients environment, wether the patient is medical or trauma, whether there are any mechanisms of injury, and patients age sex. Over all, by looking listening and smelling.

Question 2

Explain how to asses a patient’s mental status with regard to the AVPU levels of responsiveness

Answer 2

Alert - patient awake
Verbal - the person responds to verbal stimuli
Painful - rubbing knuckles on sternum
Unresponsive

Question 3

Explain how to asses airway, breathing, and circulation during primary assessment. Explain the interventions you will take for possible problems with airway, breathing, circulation

Answer 3

Airway - Talking = open airway. Airway not open, the patient is not alert, open airway by jaw thrust for trauma and head tilt chin lift for medical. Suction airway and insert adjunct.

Breathing - If not alert, look, listen, feel. Rescue breaths if needed. Count rate if breathing. Less than 8 or more than 24 breath per min oxygenate nonrebreather.

Circulation - Check pulse in radial for adult, and brachial for infants. If pulse is absent, CPR and apply external defibrillator. Check bleeding. Check skin, temp color, dry/wet.

Question 4

Explain the C-A-B approach to the primary assessment and explain the circumstances in which the CAB approach would be appropriate

Answer 4

performed only on patients lifeless. No breathing or agnol breathing and involves immediate pulse check and initial compressions when pulse is absent

Question 5

Explain the ABC approach to primary assessment and explain the circumstances in which the ABC approach would be appropriate

Answer 5

Performed on most patients that are alert

Question 6

Explain what is meant by this statement in the chapter: “ The order in which these interventions [ABC] approach would be appropriate

Answer 6

The three main things you must assess and treat, as necessary, during the primary assessment. Assess what patient needs. Vomit = Airway first. Arterial bleeding = circulation first

Question 7

Explain what is meant by this statement in the chapter “ Multiple EMTs can accomplish multiple priorities simultaneously.”

Answer 7

When there are two or more EMTs or other trained personal on-scene, many tasks can be carried out at the same time.

Question 8

priority decision

Answer 8

Determining whether a patient has a life-threatening condition that requires immediate transport to the hospital.

Question 9

Special intervention for a patient that has suffer trauma

Answer 9

needs manual stabilization of the head and spine during primary assessment. The jaw- thrust maneuver

Question 10

special interventions for a patient that is unresponsive

Answer 10

Needs high- concentration oxygen by nonrebreather mask or BVM and transport as high priority patient. Anything below alert = life-threatening

Question 11

A 26 year old male found unresponsive on the ground outside the bar who is now waking up after you inert a nasopharyngeal airway

Answer 11

unstable

Question 12

A 60 year old female complaining only of weakness who appears pale and sweaty, is alert, has nor problem with ABC, but just “looks” to you and says she is very sick

Answer 12

potentially unstable

Question 13

A 6 month old infant who vomited but appears happy

Answer 13

stable

Question 14

A patient who is unresponsive with arterial bleed from his neck

Answer 14

CAB

Question 15

A patient with a broken ankle

Answer 15

ABC

Question 16

A patient who is not moving, and appears to NOT be breathing

Answer 16

For unconscious, first check for a pulse. If no pulse, begin compression.

Question 17

A patient that tells you they have severe difficulty breathing

Answer 17

ABC, administer oxygen

Question 18

A patient who consumed too much alcohol and is vomiting

Answer 18

Airway first, suction, and position appropriately

Question 19

A patient who is doubled over, screaming because of abdominal pain

Answer 19

Make sure there is no vomit, Check skin for possible shock

Question 20

Describe how administration of oxygen to an unresponsive patient might lead you to change patient priority

Answer 20

Unless the consciousness improves, administering oxygen would not in itself led you to change an unresponsive patients priority. All unresponsive patients should be considered unstable, high-priority patients.

Question 21

An elderly patient with Alzheimer’s disease is acting abnormal, according to family. He is alert and oriented to name, but not place or time. His family say this is normal mental status. What priority should you assign him and why?

Answer 21

It is important to gather history from the patients family. This patient is considered a stable, low-priority patient.