Ch9

Question 1

Arthrology

Answer 1

A science concerned with (The Study of Joints)

Question 2

Articulation

Answer 2

Any place where 2 bones meet
-meetup point/joint will always contain hyaline Cartilage to reduce friction

Question 3

Classifications of Joints(Structural)-3

Answer 3

1.Fibrous
2. Cartilaginous
3. Synovial

Question 4

Fibrous Joints

Answer 4

Sutures
Gomphosis
Syndesmoses

Question 5

Sutures- fibrous

Answer 5

Collagen fibers of skull that connect/stitch/binds the different bones of skull

-Collagen fibers are very short joints

Question 6

Gomphosis- fibrous

Answer 6

Joints between tooth and surrounding bones of Mandible and maxilla

Question 7

Periodontal ligaments- fibrous

Answer 7

Collagen fibers that bind teeth to maxilla/mandible

Question 8

Periodontal Nerves

Answer 8

Sensory neurons of mouth that are activated by pressure of biting down on something. These neurons tell the brain how much bite force is needed for whatever is being bitten down on, so that the brain puts out a proper signal to the mouth on how much force is needed for the bite.

Question 9

Propreoception

Answer 9

Ability to adjust body’s actions based on input to brain
-makes possible for you to adjust bite strength

Question 10

Syndesmoses- fibrous

Answer 10

InterOsseous Membrane

-Acts as a Dense Regular Connective Tissue (collagen) band Found between Radius/Ulna & Tibia/Fibula that binds both of these pairs of bones together
-Collagen Strands are short (but longer than suture)

Question 11

Cartilaginous Joints (4)

Answer 11

-Costal Cartillages (Cartilage that connects ribs to sternum)
-Intervertebral Discs
-Pubic Symphysis
-Epiphyseal Plates

Question 12

Synovial Joints

Answer 12

Name of cavity found between joints

Question 13

Synovial Fluid

Answer 13

Fluid secreted by synovial membrane

Question 14

Synovial Membrane

Answer 14

Inner part of synovial joint composed of Synoviocytes (simple squamous cells that produces/secretes viscus fluid).

Question 15

Fibrous Capsule

Answer 15

Collagen filled capsule that keeps the ends of 2 bones from being pulled apart

-Also protects the joint to some degree

Question 16

Functions of Synovial Fluid

Answer 16

1. Slippery to reduce friction between articulating bones and preserve Hyaline Cartillage.
2. Thick to absorb shock
3. Median for diffusion of nutrients and gases into joint

Question 17

Bursa (sack)

Answer 17

Act as pillows filled with synovial fluid that cushon structures (soft tissues) between small spaces between acromion and head of humerus and structures between joints
-also slippery( reduce friction)

Question 18

Bursa…… continued

Answer 18

Reduce friction between tendons, ligaments, and bones found at glenohumeral joint
-cushon structures that may get affected by range of motion in shoulder
-Found within Synovial joints

Question 19

Tendon Sheats

Answer 19

Reduces friction as tendons are being pulled on by muscle
-tendon sheaths are tubes that encase/ act as cover for tendons

Question 20

OsteoArthritis

Answer 20

Wear and tear of articular/Hyaline Cartillage between joints

Question 21

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Answer 21

Auto immune disease where immune cells attack articular Cartillage between joints.
-Causes thickening of synovial capsule that makes visible swelling possible
- causes misalignment to synovial joint as muscles pull on bone and loss of shape of articular Cartillage causes bones to connect.

Question 22

Rheumatoid Factor (protein)

Answer 22

Protein that attacks articular Cartillage found at joints that will eventually cause synovial capsule to thicken.

Question 23

Arthoplasty

Answer 23

Process of replacing joints with man made material due to extremely damaged joints losing function.

Question 24

Synchondroses

Answer 24

Epiphyseal plate, long bone growth

Question 25

Outer Layer of Synovial Capsule

Answer 25

Made of dense regular connective tissue

Question 26

Inner Layer of Synovial Capsule

Answer 26

Composed of Synoviocytes (simple squamous cells)