Ch 12 Flashcards
Central Nervous System(CNS)
Brain
Midbrain
Brain Stem- Pons, Medulla Oblongata
Spinal Cord
Ectoderm
Germ layer for nervous system development
Organization of Nervous System
Central Nervous System-()-Peripheral Nervous System
Brain/ Spinal Cord I Sensory Division & Motor Division
I I
Visceral(VSD) & Somatic(VSD) |Visceral(VMD) & Somatic(SMD)
|
Enteric Nervous System/Sympathetic division/Parasympathetic division
Visceral Sensory Division
Neurons that process input/signals going to CNS from INTERNAL ORGANS
Somatic Sensory Division
Sensory input from the rest of the body(skin, muscles, etc)
(VMD)Sympathetic Division
Fight or Flight reponses
(VMD)Parasympathetic Division
Rest and Digest, brings body back to rest and is involved in digestion
Somatic Motor Division (SMD)
Responsible for Voluntary actions/output: examples; writing, speaking, moving head
Enteric Nervous System
100,000,000 million neurons apart of the digestive system
Considered to be a separate nervous system
Dendrites
Where electrical signals are transmitted to neuron (considered to be Input region)
Neurosoma
Body of Neuron where Organelles of neuron are found ex- Nucleus(contains dna and nucleolus), neurofibrils, chromatophillic substance( rough er/ribosomes)
Axon Hillock
Axon Terminal
Transmit electrochemical signal to a cell or tissue /Output region of neuron
Axon Collateral
Branch that comes off of Axon
Axon
Responsible for neuron’s Conduction of electrical signals
Neurlemma
Layers produced by Schwann cells found only in the PNS that enables PNS neurons to be able to repair themselves when damaged
Role of Interneurons
Connect incoming/sensory signals to motor/outgoing signals
Multipolar Neurons
-Many Dendrites
- One Axon
- CNS neurons/ Alphamotor neurons
Bi Polar Neurons
-One Dendrite
-One Axon
Separated by Neurosoma
Unipolar Neurons
-Dendrite and Axon are in line (no separation/one long axon) Neurosoma is off to the the side.
-Found in PNS
- Sensory Neurons/receptors example being nociception- pain receptors in skin
Myelination
Neuroglia
Cells that hold nervous system together keeping them healthy and protecting them
Oligodendrocyte(Neuroglial cell)
Responsible for Myelination of CNS axons
-wraps itself/myelinates around multiple axons
Ependymal Cells
Secrete and circulate(cilia) CSF
Microglial cells
Phagocytes/Filter of CNS- Engulfs/absorbs bad bacteria of CNS
Astrocytes
Responsible for blood-brain-barrier
Astrocyte Function
-Regulate blood flow
- Convert glucose to lactate
-promote synapse formation
Ganglia
Grouping together of many neuron’s Neurosoma and axons that form an enlargement.
(Nerve) vs [Tract]
(Collection of axons PNS) vs [collection of axons CNS]
Grey Matter
Part of a neuron that isn’t myelinated
White Matter
Oligodendrocyte (Myelinated) axons of neurons
Neuron vs Nerve
Individual nerve cell vs collection of axons of many nerve cells
