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CBD_MT > ch8 - respiratory system > Flashcards

ch8 - respiratory system Flashcards

1
Q

organs of the respiratory system

A

nose
pharynx
larynx
trachea
bronchi and bronchioles
alveoli

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2
Q

respiration components

A

ventilation - bulk movement of air and its gases into and out of the lungs

exchange of gases between air and blood between blood and interstitial fluids

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3
Q

functions of respiratory sytem

A

exchange of gases
regulation of blood ph
protection
voice production
olfaction

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4
Q

alveolus
alveoli (pl)
alveolar (adj)

A

terminal element of respiratory tract where gas exchange occurs

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5
Q

root - alveol

A

air sac

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6
Q

bronchus
bronchi
bronchiole

A

on of two subdivisions of the trachea

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7
Q

cilium

cilia (pl)

A

hairlike motile projection from the surface of a cell

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8
Q

root - spirate

A

breathe

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9
Q

larynx

A

organ of sound production

paintains open passage for the movement of air to and from the trachea

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9
Q

olfaction

olfactory (adj)

A

sense of smell

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10
Q

root - olfact

A

smell

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11
Q

pharynx

pharyngeal (adj)

A

tub from the back of the nose to the larynx
recieves air from the nasal cavity and food from the oral cavity

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12
Q

trachea

trachealis (adj)

A

air tube from the larynx to the bronchi
windpipe

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13
Q

palate

A

forms the floor of the nose and the roof of the mouth

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14
Q

paranasal, frontal and maxillary sinuses

A

open into the nose

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15
Q

functions of the nose

A

passageway - for air
air cleanser - hair and mucus
air moisturizer - mucosa and tears
air warmer - blood in cavity warms
sense of smell - 4,000 seperate smells

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16
Q

pharynx regions

A

nasopharynx - back of nose

oropharynx - back of mouth

laryngropharynx - below epiglottis

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17
Q

epiglottis

A

leaf shaped plate of cartilage that shuts off the larynx during swallowing

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17
Q

glottis

A

upper opening into the larynx

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18
Q

acute

A

disease with sudden onset

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18
Q

suffix - oid

A

resembling

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19
Q

root - aden

A

gland

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20
Q

adenoid

A

single mass of lymphoid tissue in the midline at the back of the throat

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21
Q

root - nas/o

A

pertaining to the nose

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21
Q

tonsil

A

mass of lymphoid tissue on either side of the throat at the back of the tongue

22
Q

lungs

A

main organ of respiratory system
two lungs left and right
right has 3 lobes; superior middle and inferior
left has 2 lobes; superior and inferior

22
Q

parenchyma

A

functional lung tissue in which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged with blood via adjacent pulmonary capillaries

23
Q

tracheobronchial tree

A

trachea»left and right bronchus» lobar bronchi»bronchioles»alveoli

24
Q

pleura

A

double layered serous membrane that covers the surface of both lungs.
the space between those layers is the pleural cavity

25
Q

Rhinitis // coryza

A

acute inflammation of the nasal mucosa

25
Q

mechinations of respiration

A

resting adult male breaths 10-15 breaths per minute. about 500 ml of air inhale/exhale

26
Q

upper respiratory infection (URI)

A

common cold, contagious and easily transmitted in airborne droplets through coughing and sneezing.

27
Q

allergic rhinitis

A

nose pharynx and sinuses swell and produce a celar watery discharge
\

28
Q

sinustis

A

infection of the paranasal sinuses, often following upper respiratory tract infection.

29
Q

epistaxis

A

a nosebleed, from the septum of the nose

30
Q

obstructive sleep apnea (osa)

A

can cause an obstruction by the soft tissues at the back of the nose and mouth; leading to frequent episodes of gasping for breath

31
Q

apnea

A

complete cessation of breathing

32
Q

laryngitits

A

inflammation of the mucosal lining of the larynx, produces hoarseness and loss of voice.

32
Q

pharyngitis

A

acute or chronic infection involving the pharynx, tonsils, and uvula

33
Q

tonsillitis

A

usually a viral infection of the tonsils in the oropharynx

34
Q

epiglottitis

A

inflammation of the epiglottis

35
Q

croup // laryngotracheobronchitis

A

viral diseases causing an inflammation and obstruction of the upper airway

36
Q

stridor

A

high pitched squeaky inspiratory noise

37
Q

papillomas

A

polyps , benign tumors of the larynx due to overuse or irritation

38
Q

root - pnea

39
Q

hypoxemia

hypoxia

hypoxic

A

low oxygen level in arterial blood

39
Q

cough

A

forceful expulsion of air from the lungs occuring immedialtely after a closed glottis

40
Q

bradypena

A

slow breathing

41
Q

dyspenea

A

difficulty breathing

41
Q

cyanosis

A

blue discoloration of the skin lips and nail beds due to low levels of oxygen in the blood

42
Q

eupenea

A

normal reathing

43
Q

expectorate

A

cough up an spit out mucus from the respiratory tract

44
Q

hemoglobin

A

red pigmented protein that is the main component of red blood cells

45
Q

hyperpenia

A

deeper and more rapid breathing than normal

45
Q

hemoptysis

A

bloody sputum

46
Q

productive / nonproductive cough

A

cough that does or does not bring up matter from the airways

47
Q

purulent

A

showing or containing pus

47
Q

plegm

A

abrnormal amounts of mucus expectorated from the respiratory tract

48
Q

trachypnea

A

rapid breathing

49
Q

atelectasis

A

collapse of part of the lung

CBD_MT (10 decks)

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