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CBD_MT > Ch7 - blood lymph and immune sys > Flashcards

Ch7 - blood lymph and immune sys Flashcards

1
Q

colloid

A

a liquid containing suspended particles
most are plasma proteins

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2
Q

matrix

A

substance that surrounds and protects cells, manfacture by cells and holds cells together

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3
Q

root - nutrit

A

nourishment

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4
Q

nutrient

A

constituent of food necessary for the body to funciton normally

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5
Q

plasma

A

fluid noncellular component of blood

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6
Q

platelet (thrombocyte)

A

small particle involved in the clotting process

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7
Q

serum

A

fluid remaining after removal of blood cells and the formation of a clot

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8
Q

functions of blood

A

1 maintains bodys homeostasis
2 transports nutrients, vitamins and minerals
3 transports waste products
4 transports hormones
5 transports gases
6 protects against foreign substances
forms clots

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9
Q

hematocrit (Hct)

A

percentage of total blood volume composed of red blood cells.

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10
Q

hemoglobin (Hb)

A

main component of red blood cells.
red from “heme”

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11
Q

functions of RBC (erythrocytes)

A

1 transport oxygen
2 transport carbon dioxide
3 transport nitric oxide

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11
Q

leukocytes

A

white blood cells

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12
Q

erythrocytes

A

red blood cells

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13
Q

types of white blood cells

A

granulocytes
agranulocytes

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14
Q

granulocyte

A

contains granular cytoplasm made up of granules which are sites for enzyme and chemical production.

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15
Q

types of granulocytes

A

neutrophils - ingest bacteria fungi and some viruses
eosinophils - enter tissue undergoing allergic reaction
basophils - migrate to damaged tissue realasing histamine and heparin

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16
Q

types of agranulocyts

A

monocytes - largest blood cells, become macrophages that ingest bacteria, dead neutrophils, and dead cells in the tissue

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17
Q

agranulocyte

A

a white blood cell without any granules in its cytoplasm

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18
Q

hemostasis

A

the control of bleeding

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19
Q

platelets (thrombocytes)

A

have no nucleus, are fragments of large bone marrow cells, aid in clotting

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20
Q

hemostasis process

A

Vacular spasm - constriction of injured blood vessels
platelet plug formation - plateltes bind themselves together to adhre the surrounding tissues
blood coagulation - forms a clot through prothrombin to thrombin to fibrin

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21
Q

fibrin

A

stringy protein fiber that is a component of a blood clot

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22
Q

antigen

A

substance capable of triggering an immune response.
molecules that exist on the surfaces of red blood cells

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23
Q

antibodies

A

protein produced in response to an antigen
present in the plasma, can combine with only a specific antigen

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24
Q

types of antigens

A

ABO - blood group system
Rh - rhesus

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25
Q

allergen

A

substance creating a hypersensitivity reaction

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26
Q

tonsils

A

masses of lymphatic tissue located at the entrance of the uper throat that entrap inhaled or ingested pathogens

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27
Q

adenoids

A

similar to tonsils, located on posterior wall of upper pharynx

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28
Q

immunoglobulin

A

specific protein evoked by an antigen

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29
Q

bodies defense mechanisms

A

1 physical - skin mucous membraines hair
2 humoral - antibodes
3 cellular - lymphocytes

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30
Q

characteristics of immunity

A

specificty
memory
discrimination

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31
Q

immunity

A

the state of being able to resits specific infectious disease

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32
Q

attenuate

A

weaken the ability of an organism to produce disease

33
Q

complement

A

group of proteins in serum that finishes off the work of antibodies to destroy bacteria and other cells

34
Q

root - humor

A

fluid

35
Q

humoral immunity

A

defense mechanism arising from antibodies in the blood

36
Q

root - aden

A

gland

37
Q

suffix - ity

A

condition

38
Q

suffix - tion

A

proces

39
Q

diferent types of anemia

A

1 iron deficiency
2 perinicious - vitamin b12 deficiency
3 sickle cell anemia - abnormal cells clump together and block capillaries
4 hemolytic anemia - caused by excessive destruction of normal RBC
5 Aplastic anemia - bone marrow unable to produce sufficient new cells
6 polycythemia - overproduction of RBCs

40
Q

root - glutin

A

stick

41
Q

aggluntinate

A

stick together to form clumps

42
Q

root - emia

A

a blood condition

43
Q

anemia

A

reduced number of red blood cells

44
Q

hemoglobinopathy

A

disease caused by the presence of an abnormal hemogloin in red blood cells

45
Q

suffix - lysis

A

destruction

46
Q

hemolysis

A

destructin of red blood cells

47
Q

hypoxia

A

below normal levels of oxygen in tissues gases or blood

48
Q

hypoxemia

A

decresed levels of oxygen in the blood

49
Q

oxyhemoglobin

A

combination of oxygen and hemoglobin

50
Q

pallor

A

paleness of the skin

51
Q

leukemia

A

disease when blood is overtaken by white blood cells and their precursors

52
Q

mononucleosis

A

prsence of large numbers of specific diagnotic mononuclear luekocytes

53
Q

neutropenia

A

deficiency of neutrophils

54
Q

pancytopenia

A

deficiency of all types of blood cells

55
Q

ecchymosis

A

small hematoma resulting from a bruise

56
Q

hemophilia

A

disease males inherit from mothers, deficiency of the coagulation factor

57
Q

thrombus / thrombosis

A

blood clot

58
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

deficiency of platelets

59
Q

purpura

A

bleeding into the skin from small arterioles

60
Q

suffix - philia

A

attraction

61
Q

suffix - penia

A

deficiency

62
Q

suffix - oma

A

mass / tumor

63
Q

axilla

A

armpit

64
Q

inguinal

A

groin

65
Q

lymphadenitis

A

infection in the lymph node causing them to e swollen and tender to touch

66
Q

lymphadenopathy

A

all lymph nodes are enlarge

67
Q

lymphoma

A

malignant growth of the lymphatic organs

68
Q

hodkins lymphoma

A

spreads to adjoining lymph nodes; staged and orderly

69
Q

non hodkins lymphomas

A

occur more frequently

70
Q

lymphedema

A

tissue swelling due to lymphatic obstruction

71
Q

hypersplenism

A

condition which spleen removes blood components at an excessive rate

72
Q

anaphylaxis

A

immediate sever allergic respons

73
Q

prefix - ana

A

excessive

74
Q

root - phylaxis

A

protection

75
Q

histamine

A

compound liberated in tissues as a result of injury or immune response

76
Q

root - hist

A

derived from histidine

76
Q

root - amine

A

nitrogen containing substance

77
Q

retrovirus

A

virus with an RNA core

78
Q

urticaria

A

rash of itchy wheals (hives)

79
Q

kaposi sarcoma

A

a type os skin cancer

80
Q

root - globin

A

protein

CBD_MT (8 decks)

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