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CBD_MT > ch5 - muscles and tendons > Flashcards

ch5 - muscles and tendons Flashcards

1
Q

peristalsis

A

waves of alternate constriction and relaxation in a tube ie digestive tract. Involuntary muscle

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2
Q

insertion

A

insertion of a muscle is the attachment of a muscle to a more movable part of the skeleton, as distinct from the origin

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3
Q

fascia

A

sheet of fibrous connective tissue, holds the muscle in place.

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4
Q

tendon

A

extends from the fascia, attaches to a bones periosteum at the origin/insertion of the muscle

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5
Q

muscle fibers

A

muscle cells

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6
Q

pectoral girdle

A

connects axial skeleton to upper limbs

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7
Q

rotator cuff

A

four muscles originating from the scapula, wrap around the shoulder joint and fuse together to from one large tendon - rotator cuff

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8
Q

Biceps Brachii

A

a muscle of the arm that has two heads or points of origin on the scapula

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9
Q

root - ceps

A

head

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10
Q

root - bachi

A

of the arm

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11
Q

brachialis

A

a muscle that lies underneath the bies and is the strongest flexor of the forearm

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12
Q

brachioradialis

A

muscle that helps flex the forearm

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13
Q

root - delt

A

triangle

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14
Q

suffix - oid

A

resembling

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15
Q

deltoid

A

large fan shaped muscle connecting the scapula and the clavicle to the humerus

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16
Q

dorsum (dorsal)

A

back part of the body including hand

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17
Q

ventral

A

front or surface of the body

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18
Q

latissimus dorsi

A

the widest broadest muscle in the back

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19
Q

root - latiss

A

wide

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20
Q

root - dorsi

A

of the back

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21
Q

suffix - imus

A

most

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22
Q

pectoral

A

pertaining to the chest

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23
Q

root - pector

A

chest

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24
Q

root - thenar

A

palm

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25
Q

thenar eminence

A

the fleshy mass at the base of the thumb

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26
Q

hypothenar eminence

A

the fleshy mass at the base of the little finger

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27
Q

triceps brachi

A

muscle of the arm that has three heads or points of origin

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28
Q

root - duct

A

lead

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29
Q

abduction

A

moving away from the midline

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30
Q

adduct

A

moving toward the midline

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31
Q

calcaneus

A

the heel bone

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32
Q

calcaneal tendon

A

(achilles tendon) the tendon of the heel fromed from the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles and inserted into the calcaneus

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33
Q

gastrocnemius

A

major muscle in the back of the lower leg

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34
Q

gluteus

A

refers to one f three muscles in the buttock

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35
Q

gluteus maximus

A

the largest muscle in the body, covering a large part of each buttock

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36
Q

gluteus minimus

A

the smallest of the gluteal muscles and lies under the gluteus medius

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37
Q

gluteus medius

A

partially covered by the gluteus maximus

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38
Q

hamstring

A

grou pof three muscles on the posterior side of the thigh that join at the back of the knee

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39
Q

popliteal fossa

A

the hollow at the back of the knee

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40
Q

quadriceps femoris

A

an anterior thigh muscle with four heads

41
Q

thigh muscles

A

rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius (lies benearth rectus femoris)

42
Q

hamstring muscles

A

biceps femoris long head
biceps femoris short head
semimembranosus
semitendinous

43
Q

upper arm muscles

A

deltoid
biceps brachii
brachialis
brachioradialis
triceps brachi (lateral and long head)
latissimus dorsi

44
Q

lower leg muscles

A

tibialis anterior
soleus
gastrocnemius

45
Q

fibromyalgia

A

pain in the muscle fibers

46
Q

root - fibro

A

fiber

47
Q

sufix - algia

A

pain

48
Q

myopathies

A

diseases of skeletal muscles not caused by nerve disorders, causing muscles to become weak or wasted

49
Q

muscular dystrophy

A

gneral term for hereditary progressive disorders affecting skeletal muscles

50
Q

Duchenne muscular dystrophy DMD

A

a condition with symmetrical weakness and wasting of pelvic shoulder and proximal limb muscles

51
Q

prefix - dys

A

bad, difficult

52
Q

inflammatory myopathies

A

protective responses to injured tissues marked by redness increased heat swelling and pain

53
Q

muscle cramps

A

sudden short painful contractions of a muscle or group of muscles

54
Q

muscle strains

A

stretch or partial or complete tear in the muscle tendon or muscle-tendon combination

55
Q

muscle soreness

A

exercise increases lactic acid in muscle fibers causing inflammation

56
Q

rhabdomyolysis

A

the breakdown of muscle fibers to produce myoglobin

57
Q

myoglobin

A

protein of muscle that stores and transports oxygen

58
Q

ganglion

A

fluid containing swelling attached to the synovial sheath of a tendon

59
Q

tenosynovitis

A

inflammation of the sheath that surrounds a tendon

60
Q

bursitis

A

inflammation of the lubricating sac of the rotator cuff, can also be produced by overuse

61
Q

rotator cuff tear

A

injury of the shoulder girdle, caused by wear and tear from overuse in work or sports

62
Q

tendonitis - tendinitis

A

inflammation of the tendon

63
Q

myositis

A

inflammation of the muscle

64
Q

polymyositis

A

inflammation of many muscles

65
Q

contracture

A

muscle shortening due to spasm or fibrosis

66
Q

ADL

A

activities of daily living

67
Q

BKA

A

below the knee amputation

68
Q

COTA

A

certified occupational therapy assistant

69
Q

IADLs

A

instrumental activities of daily living

70
Q

PM&R

A

physical medicine and rehabilitation

71
Q

PVD

A

peripheral vascular disease

72
Q

diagnostic procedures for disorders of msucles and tendons

A

blood tests
electromyography
nerve conduction studies
magnetic resonance imaging MRI and computed tomography CT
ultrasonography
muscle biopsy
genetic testing
myositis specific antibodies MSA

73
Q

antibody

A

protein produced in response to an antigen

74
Q

root - body

A

substance

75
Q

prefix - anti

A

against

76
Q

antimetabolite

A

a substance that replaces or inhibits a specific part of a cells normal metabolism

77
Q

root - metabol

A

change

78
Q

corticosteroid

A

a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex

79
Q

creatine kinase

A

enzyme elevated in the plasma following heart muscle damage

80
Q

root - creat

A

flesh

81
Q

suffix = ase

A

enzyme

82
Q

root - kin

A

motion

83
Q

eletrcomyography

A

recording of electrical activity in a msucle

84
Q

enzyme

A

protein that induces change in other substances

85
Q

immunosupresive

A

substance that causes failure of the immune system

86
Q

inflammation

A

a basic complex of reactions in blood vessels and adjacent tissues in response to injury or abnormal stimulation

87
Q

ultrasonography

A

delineation of deep structures using sound waves

88
Q

NSAIDS

A

nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs
inhibit the two cyclooxygenase enzymes that produce inflammation

89
Q

types of NSAIDS

A

acetylsalicylic acid - aspirin
ibuprofen
naproxen

90
Q

anabolic steroid

A

prescription drug used by some athletes to increase muscle mass

91
Q

root - anabol

A

to raise up

92
Q

root - ster

A

solid

93
Q

analgesia. – analgesic

A

state in which pain is reduced – agent that produces analgesia

94
Q

root - alges

A

sensation of pain

95
Q

prefix - an

A

without

96
Q

antipyretic

A

agent that reduces fever

97
Q

root - pyret

A

fever

98
Q

root - orthot

A

corect

CBD_MT (10 decks)

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