Ch.8 Emotion & Motivation

Question 1

Multidimensional Scaling

Answer 1

Map emotional experiencies

Question 2

Emotion

Answer 2

Positive or negative experience that is associated with a particular pattern of physiological activity

Question 3

James-Lange

Answer 3

Stimulus triggers activity in the body which in turn produces an emotional experience in the brain

Question 4

Cannon-Bard

Answer 4

Stimulus simultaneously triggers activity in the body and emotional experience in the brain

Question 5

Schachter & Singer Two-Factor

Answer 5

Different emotions are merely different interpretations of a single pattern of bodily activity; emotions based on inferences of physiological arousal

Question 6

Appraisal

Answer 6

Evaluation of the emotion-relevant aspects of a stimulus; amygdala is critical to this appraisal

Question 7

Emotion Regulation

Answer 7

Strategies people use to influence their own emotional experience

Question 8

Reappraisal

Answer 8

Changing one’s emotional experience by changing the way one thinks about the emotion-eliciting stimulus

Question 9

Emotional Expression

Answer 9

Observable sign of an emotional state

Question 10

Universality Hypothesis

Answer 10

Emotional expressions have the same meaning for everyone

Question 11

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

Answer 11

Emotional expressions can cause the emotional experiences they signify

Question 12

Display Rule

Answer 12

Norm for the appropriate expression of emotion

Question 13

Motivation

Answer 13

Purpose for or psychological cause of an action

Question 14

Hedonic Principle

Answer 14

People are motivated to experience pleasure and avoid plain

Question 15

Instinct

Answer 15

Faculty of acting in such a way as to produce certain ends, without foresight of the ends, and without previous education in the performance

Question 16

Drive

Answer 16

Internal State caused by physiological needs.

Question 17

Homeostasis

Answer 17

Tendency for a system to take action to keep itself in a particular state

Question 18

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 18

Organize the list of human urges

Question 19

Bulimia Nervosa

Answer 19

Eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging

Question 20

Anorexia Nervosa

Answer 20

Eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of being fat and severe restriction of food intake

Question 21

Difficulties of Dieting

Answer 21

(1) Fat cells stay

(2) Metabolism is difficult to affect

Question 22

Human Sexual Response Cycle

Answer 22

Stages of physiological arousal during sexual activity: (1) Excitement phase (2) Plateau phase (3) Orgasm phase (4) Resolution phase

Question 23

Intrinsic Motivation

Answer 23

Motivation to take actions that are themselves rewarding

Question 24

Extrinsic Motivation

Answer 24

Motivation to take actions that lead to reward

Question 25

Conscious Motivations

Answer 25

Motivations of which people are aware

Question 26

Unconscious Motivations

Answer 26

Motivations of which people are not aware

Question 27

Need for Achievement

Answer 27

Motivation to solve worthwhile problems

Question 28

Approach Motivation

Answer 28

Motivation to experience positive outcome

Question 29

Avoidance Motivation

Answer 29

Motivation not to experience a negative outcome

Question 30

Terror Management Theory

Answer 30

Theory about how people respond to knowledge of their own mortality

Question 31

Mortality-Salience Hypothesis

Answer 31

Prediction that people who are reminded of their own mortality will work to reinforce their worldviews