Ch.12 Personality

Question 1

Personality

Answer 1

Individual characteristic style of behaving, thinking and feeling

Question 2

Self-Report

Answer 2

Method in which people provide subjective info about their own thoughts, feelings or behaviors

Question 3

Minnesota Multi-phasic Personality Inventory

Answer 3

Well-researched clinical questionnaire used to assess personality and psychological problems

Question 4

Projective Tests

Answer 4

Tests designed to reveal inner aspects of individuals’ personalities by analysis of their responses to a standard series of ambiguous stimuli

Question 5

Rorschach Inkblot Test

Answer 5

Projective technique in which respondents’ inner thoughts and feelings are believed to be revealed by analysis of their responses to a set of unstructured inkblots

Question 6

Thematic Apperception Test

Answer 6

Projective technique in which respondents’ underlying motives, concerns and the way they see the social world are believed to be revealed through analysis of the stories they make up about ambiguous pictures of people

Question 7

Trait

Answer 7

Relatively stable disposition to behave in a particular and consistent way

Question 8

Big Five

Answer 8

Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism

Question 9

Psychodynamic Approach

Answer 9

Regards personality as formed by needs, strivings and desires largely operating outside of awareness

Question 10

Psychosexual Stages

Answer 10

Distinct early life stages through which personality is formed as children experience sexual pleasures from specific body areas and caregivers redirect or interfere with those pleasures

Question 11

Fixation Stage

Answer 11

Pleasure-seeking drives become stuck or arrested

Question 12

Oral Stage

Answer 12

Experience centers on the pleasures and frustrations associated with the mouth

Question 13

Anal Stage

Answer 13

Centered on anus

Question 14

Phallic Stage

Answer 14

Centered on genital region and powerful feelings (Oedipus conflict

Question 15

Latency Stage

Answer 15

Focus on skills

Question 16

Genital Stage

Answer 16

Coming together of the mature adult personality

Question 17

Self-actualizing Tendency

Answer 17

Human motive toward realizing inner potential

Question 18

Existential Approach

Answer 18

Personality as governed by an individual’s ongoing choices and decisions in the context of the realities of life and death

Question 19

Social Cognitive Approach

Answer 19

How person thinks about situations encountered in daily life and behaves in response to them

Question 20

Person-Situation Controversy

Answer 20

Question of whether behavior is caused more by personality or by situational factors

Question 21

Personal Constructs

Answer 21

Dimensions people use in making sense of their experiences

Question 22

Outcome Expectancies

Answer 22

Person’s assumptions about the likely consequences of a future behavior

Question 23

Locus of Control

Answer 23

Tendency to perceive the control of rewards as internal to the self or external in the environment

Question 24

Self-Concept

Answer 24

A person’s explicit knowledge of his or her own behaviors, traits and other personal characteristics

Question 25

Self-Verification

Answer 25

Tendency to seek evidence to confirm the self-concept

Question 26

Self-Esteem

Answer 26

Extent to which an individual likes, values and accepts the self

Question 27

Self-Serving Bias

Answer 27

People tend to take credit for their successes but downplay responsibility for their failures

Question 28

Narcissim

Answer 28

Grandiose view of the self combined with a tendency to seek admiration from and exploit others