Ch.12 Personality Flashcards

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1
Q

Personality

A

Individual characteristic style of behaving, thinking and feeling

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2
Q

Self-Report

A

Method in which people provide subjective info about their own thoughts, feelings or behaviors

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3
Q

Minnesota Multi-phasic Personality Inventory

A

Well-researched clinical questionnaire used to assess personality and psychological problems

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4
Q

Projective Tests

A

Tests designed to reveal inner aspects of individuals’ personalities by analysis of their responses to a standard series of ambiguous stimuli

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5
Q

Rorschach Inkblot Test

A

Projective technique in which respondents’ inner thoughts and feelings are believed to be revealed by analysis of their responses to a set of unstructured inkblots

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6
Q

Thematic Apperception Test

A

Projective technique in which respondents’ underlying motives, concerns and the way they see the social world are believed to be revealed through analysis of the stories they make up about ambiguous pictures of people

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7
Q

Trait

A

Relatively stable disposition to behave in a particular and consistent way

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8
Q

Big Five

A

Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism

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9
Q

Psychodynamic Approach

A

Regards personality as formed by needs, strivings and desires largely operating outside of awareness

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10
Q

Psychosexual Stages

A

Distinct early life stages through which personality is formed as children experience sexual pleasures from specific body areas and caregivers redirect or interfere with those pleasures

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11
Q

Fixation Stage

A

Pleasure-seeking drives become stuck or arrested

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12
Q

Oral Stage

A

Experience centers on the pleasures and frustrations associated with the mouth

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13
Q

Anal Stage

A

Centered on anus

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14
Q

Phallic Stage

A

Centered on genital region and powerful feelings (Oedipus conflict

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15
Q

Latency Stage

A

Focus on skills

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16
Q

Genital Stage

A

Coming together of the mature adult personality

17
Q

Self-actualizing Tendency

A

Human motive toward realizing inner potential

18
Q

Existential Approach

A

Personality as governed by an individual’s ongoing choices and decisions in the context of the realities of life and death

19
Q

Social Cognitive Approach

A

How person thinks about situations encountered in daily life and behaves in response to them

20
Q

Person-Situation Controversy

A

Question of whether behavior is caused more by personality or by situational factors

21
Q

Personal Constructs

A

Dimensions people use in making sense of their experiences

22
Q

Outcome Expectancies

A

Person’s assumptions about the likely consequences of a future behavior

23
Q

Locus of Control

A

Tendency to perceive the control of rewards as internal to the self or external in the environment

24
Q

Self-Concept

A

A person’s explicit knowledge of his or her own behaviors, traits and other personal characteristics

25
Q

Self-Verification

A

Tendency to seek evidence to confirm the self-concept

26
Q

Self-Esteem

A

Extent to which an individual likes, values and accepts the self

27
Q

Self-Serving Bias

A

People tend to take credit for their successes but downplay responsibility for their failures

28
Q

Narcissim

A

Grandiose view of the self combined with a tendency to seek admiration from and exploit others