Ch7 - The Laboratory Animal Environment Flashcards
differences between isolation room, quarentine, and bioexclusion
What species prefers a cooler room?
Rabbits
What room ventilation rate is recommended by the Guide?
10-15 exchanges of fresh air per hour
Which rooms would likely be kept at positive pressure?
Surgical suites, bioexclusion rooms, “reverse isolation” rooms
The macroenvironment is to ______________ as
the microenvironment is to _______________.
entire room; inside the animal’s cage
Which rooms would likely be kept at negative pressure?
Biocontainment rooms, isolation rooms, animal quarantine rooms
Which factor has the greatest effect on the amount of dissolved oxygen in water?
Temperature
High humidity in animal rooms may cause what negative consequence?
Increased feed spoilage and mold
(HIGH/LOW) humidity can cause ringtail in mice.
Low humidity
What type of room is used to house animals that have been infected with a pathogen? What pressure is this room kept at?
Isolation/biocontainment room; negative pressure
A room under POSITIVE pressure ventilation means that there is (MORE/LESS) air in the room, therefore when the door is open, air flows (IN/OUT). This prevents (INSIDE/OUTSIDE) contaminants from coming into the room.
more; out; outside
A room under NEGATIVE pressure ventilation means that there is (MORE/LESS) air in the room, therefore when the door is open, air flows (IN/OUT). This prevents (INSIDE/OUTSIDE) contaminants from going out of the room.
less; in; inside
What is water hardness?
The amount of calcium and magnesium ions present in water
Water used in aquatic housing systems is generally treated by which method before use?
Reverse osmosis
What type of room is used to collect blood samples?
Procedure room
How far from the wall should feed be stored?
More than 6 inches
What waste gases are prevented from accumulating when animal rooms are properly ventilated?
Ammonia and CO2
True or False: Aquatic housing rooms should must be able to structurally support the total weight and distribution of water in the housing systems
True
Where can housekeeping supplies be stored to minimize the risk of chemical contamination?
In a designated room for equipment and supply storage
What type of room is used to house pathogen-free animals? What pressure is this room kept at?
Bioexclusion barrier room; positive pressure
What is a bioexclusion room? What pressure is this room kept at?
Barrier prevents entry of all infections agents from getting into a room; positive pressure
What is a biocontainment room? What pressure is this room kept at?
Barrier prevents pathogens in the room from being released into the external environment or adjacent animal populations; negative pressure
What is a conditioning/acclimation room? Why are incoming animals placed here? What pressure is this room kept at?
Incoming animals are housed in quarantine rooms since they have an unknown health status, where they begin to adjust to new surroundings. This is under negative pressure.
True or False: rodents are generally housed in microisolation cages where you can adjust the environmental conditions and ventilation exchange rates can be specifically altered
True
What kinds of studies might occur in a negative pressure room?
Studies with hazardous agents, or studies with animals infected with a pathogen
What are some negative effects that animals might experience if their daily lighting schedule is changed?
stress, changes in animal physiology that could affect research, decreased breeding efficiency
The relative humidity in animal rooms is between ___ - ___ %
30% - 70%
What types of animals are especially light sensitive?
Albino animals
What species of lab animals require a warm room (68-79F)?
Mouse, rat, hamster, gerbil, guinea pig (rodents)
What type of aquatic holding system has the potential for spreading water-borne pathogens across several tanks?
Recirculating systems (share the same water)
What is a closed or static aquatic holding system? List an example.
Water is static; only added to maintain a certain volume
Ex: fish bowl, pond
What is a flow-through aquatic holding system?
fresh water flows continuously through the system without recirculating
What is a recirculating aquatic holding system?
Existing tank water is filtered and reused; most efficient for water consumption and waste removal
Tank water must have sufficient quantities of _____ for fish to breathe
Oxygen
A waste product that can be toxic and must be removed from the tank water is _______.
Ammonia
Maintaining low levels of ______ limits the growth of algae on tank surfaces.
Light
_____ is the measure of the acidity or alkalinity of the tank water.
pH
_____ is the amount of dissolved salts and minerals in the tank water.
Specific gravity
____ is the amount of calcium or magnesium ions in the tank water.
Hardness
