Ch16 - Experimental Design & Methodology

Question 1

What is involved in “basic research”?

Answer 1

Asking generic questions, (ex: exploring normal and abnormal functions of major organ systems)

Question 2

What is involved in “new drug studies”?

Answer 2

How a drug works in a living animal

Question 3

What is involved in “applied research”?

Answer 3

Attempt to answer a specific question, usually regarding a certain disease or problem

Question 4

What is involved in “safety evaluations”?

Answer 4

Testing the safety of certain drugs and chemicals

Question 5

What is involved in “field studies”?

Answer 5

Going to the animal’s natural environment to conduct study.

Question 6

What is NOT a disease that may be induced in a lab animal by genetic manipulation?

Answer 6

Malaria

Question 7

List 3 examples of diseases that can be induced in a lab animal by genetic manipulation.

Answer 7

Multiple sclerosis, cystic fibrosis, and inflammatory bowel disease

Question 8

True or False: field studies don’t take place at an institution, so are not subject to regulation by the Animal Welfare Act

Answer 8

False (they are still regulated by the AWA)

Question 9

Mix-ups in animal numbers, errors in weighing animals, and variations in room temps are all examples of _______

Answer 9

non-experimental variables

Question 10

Which disease does not have a spontaneous animal model?

Answer 10

Tuberculosis

Question 11

List 3 diseases that have a spontaneous animal model

Answer 11

Atherosclerosis, Type II diabetes, and narcolepsy

Question 12

Using cows for developing a new vaccine for chicken pox is an example of what type of research?

Answer 12

Applied research

Question 13

Studying the normal brain function of rats is an example of what type of research?

Answer 13

Basic research

Question 14

Observing orangutans in their natural habitat is an example of what type of research?

Answer 14

Field study

Question 15

Testing the safety of a new antibiotic ointment is an example of what type of research?

Answer 15

Safety Evaluations

Question 16

Lab animals that naturally acquire a disease or injury similar to a human condition are called _______.

Answer 16

spontaneous models

Question 17

Place the parts of the research process in sequential order:

Answer 17

1. Hypothesis
2. Experimental plan
3. IACUC approval and protocol
4. Conduct study
5. Analyze data,
6. Report results

Question 18

In most facilities, no research experiments on live vertebrates may begin before the experiments are approved by which governing body?

Answer 18

the IACUC

Question 19

Giving an animal an injection of a synthetic hormone, compared with a natural hormone, is an example of what type of research?

Answer 19

New drug study

Question 20

A __________ model is where a chemical impairs an animal’s physiologic function or injures an organ (mimics human disease)

Answer 20

Chemical model

Question 21

A _______ model is where surgery is performed to obstruct, remove or transplant an organ, or implant a tumor, or some other type of surgery is done to an animal.

Answer 21

surgical model