Ch2 - The Animal Research Environment

Question 1

What are 3 requirements of the AWA/AWR a researcher must comply with, if they house covered species?

Answer 1

1. Submit an annual report including the number of covered species used;
2. Provide dogs with exercise;
3. Meet or exceed sanitation standards for both cages and facility

Question 2

Which agency is responsible for enforcing the PHS Policy?

Answer 2

Office of Laboratory Welfare (OLAW)

Question 3

Which organization accredits laboratory animal facilities that meet the standards outlined in the Guide + all federal/local regulations?

Answer 3

AALAC International

Question 4

What federal agency is responsible for enforcing and administering the Animal Welfare Regulations?

Answer 4

Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service

Question 5

List the species that are covered by the Animal Welfare Act

Answer 5

Any mammals (alive or dead)

Question 6

What are the 3Rs of scientific research? Define each

Answer 6

1. Replace: use non-animal alternatives when possible (ex. cell cultures, mathematical and computer models)
2. Reduce: reduce the number of animals that you use in your study
3. Refine: minimize pain and distress

Question 7

What types of euthanasia methods are listed in the AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals?

Answer 7

Acceptable, conditionally acceptable, and unacceptable methods

Question 8

True or False: Principle Investigators should determine where exceptions to these principles are requires and may ignore them if they decide it’s scientifically necessary

Answer 8

False

Question 9

True or False: Genotyping procedures are a component of an animal care and use program

Answer 9

False

Question 10

True or False: Mice are covered by the AWA

Answer 10

False

Question 11

True or False: A researcher must appoint an unaffiliated member of the IACUC if they house a covered species

Answer 11

False

Question 12

If an incident of animal misuse is not resolved after contacting your supervisor, you can submit your concerns to whom?

Answer 12

IACUC chair

Question 13

What is the term for the field of study concerned with the philosophical issues raised by some medical procedures and treatments?

Answer 13

Bioethics

Question 14

What is the function of the IACUC?

Answer 14

An institutional body that oversees and evaluates an animal care and use program

Question 15

What is the function of the Quality Assurance Unit?

Answer 15

An institutional unit that ensures compliance with the Good Laboratory Practices

Question 16

What is the function of the Animal & Plant Health Inspection Service?

Answer 16

The body that administers and enforces the Animal Welfare Regulations

Question 17

What is the function of the AAALAC?

Answer 17

A nonprofit organization that accredits laboratory animal research programs

Question 18

What is the function of the OLAW?

Answer 18

The body that administers and enforces the PHS policy

Question 19

What is the purpose of the “Guide”?

Answer 19

Primary source of the standards and guidelines for laboratory animal care and use in the USA

Question 20

What is the purpose of the Animal Welfare Act?

Answer 20

A law that established legal standards for laboratory animal care and use (covers all warm-blooded vertebrates, dead or alive - with exceptions)

Question 21

What is the purpose of the Animal use protocol?

Answer 21

A document written by the PI and approved by the IACUC, that describes and justifies the use of animals for a project

Question 22

What is the purpose of the PHS Policy? (public health service)

Answer 22

Federal mandate that covers all live vertebrates used in research, research training, experiments, biological testing, or for related purposes

Question 23

What is the purpose of the Good Laboratory Practices (GLPs)?

Answer 23

Regulations developed by the FDS and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to validate and document the processes of safety testing. Doesn’t cover specific species, but is directed to type of research conducted

Question 24

What is the purpose of Standard Operating Procedures?

Answer 24

Written instructions approved by management and used to perform a routine activity

Question 25

What document must institutions comply with when animals are euthanized?

Answer 25

AVMA (american veterinary medical association) Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals

Question 26

What are some differences between the PHS Policy and the Animal Welfare Act?

Answer 26

PHS Policy
- covers all vertebrates
- differest IACUC requirements
- requires an Occupational Health and Safety program