Ch2 - The Animal Research Environment Flashcards
What are 3 requirements of the AWA/AWR a researcher must comply with, if they house covered species?
- Submit an annual report including the number of covered species used;
- Provide dogs with exercise;
- Meet or exceed sanitation standards for both cages and facility
Which agency is responsible for enforcing the PHS Policy?
Office of Laboratory Welfare (OLAW)
Which organization accredits laboratory animal facilities that meet the standards outlined in the Guide + all federal/local regulations?
AALAC International
What federal agency is responsible for enforcing and administering the Animal Welfare Regulations?
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
List the species that are covered by the Animal Welfare Act
Any mammals (alive or dead)
What are the 3Rs of scientific research? Define each
- Replace: use non-animal alternatives when possible (ex. cell cultures, mathematical and computer models)
- Reduce: reduce the number of animals that you use in your study
- Refine: minimize pain and distress
What types of euthanasia methods are listed in the AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals?
Acceptable, conditionally acceptable, and unacceptable methods
True or False: Principle Investigators should determine where exceptions to these principles are requires and may ignore them if they decide it’s scientifically necessary
False
True or False: Genotyping procedures are a component of an animal care and use program
False
True or False: Mice are covered by the AWA
False
True or False: A researcher must appoint an unaffiliated member of the IACUC if they house a covered species
False
If an incident of animal misuse is not resolved after contacting your supervisor, you can submit your concerns to whom?
IACUC chair
What is the term for the field of study concerned with the philosophical issues raised by some medical procedures and treatments?
Bioethics
What is the function of the IACUC?
An institutional body that oversees and evaluates an animal care and use program
What is the function of the Quality Assurance Unit?
An institutional unit that ensures compliance with the Good Laboratory Practices
What is the function of the Animal & Plant Health Inspection Service?
The body that administers and enforces the Animal Welfare Regulations
What is the function of the AAALAC?
A nonprofit organization that accredits laboratory animal research programs
What is the function of the OLAW?
The body that administers and enforces the PHS policy
What is the purpose of the “Guide”?
Primary source of the standards and guidelines for laboratory animal care and use in the USA
What is the purpose of the Animal Welfare Act?
A law that established legal standards for laboratory animal care and use (covers all warm-blooded vertebrates, dead or alive - with exceptions)
What is the purpose of the Animal use protocol?
A document written by the PI and approved by the IACUC, that describes and justifies the use of animals for a project
What is the purpose of the PHS Policy? (public health service)
Federal mandate that covers all live vertebrates used in research, research training, experiments, biological testing, or for related purposes
What is the purpose of the Good Laboratory Practices (GLPs)?
Regulations developed by the FDS and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to validate and document the processes of safety testing. Doesn’t cover specific species, but is directed to type of research conducted
What is the purpose of Standard Operating Procedures?
Written instructions approved by management and used to perform a routine activity
What document must institutions comply with when animals are euthanized?
AVMA (american veterinary medical association) Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals
What are some differences between the PHS Policy and the Animal Welfare Act?
PHS Policy
- covers all vertebrates
- differest IACUC requirements
- requires an Occupational Health and Safety program
