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ALAT > Ch19 - Rats > Flashcards

Ch19 - Rats Flashcards

1
Q

True or False: rat tickling mimics natural play behaviors of juvenile rats and has shown to reduce animal stress hormone production, and can reduce a rat’s fear of humans

A

True

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2
Q

How frequently should rat cages be changed?

A

Twice a week

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3
Q

What types of biomedical research is typically conducted on rats, based on their naturally occurring diseases?

A

Hypertension (high blood pressure) and diabetes

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4
Q

What are 3 good types of environmental enrichment for rats?

A

PVC tubes, wood blocks, and social interactions with humans and conspecifics

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5
Q

Which two mating systems are commonly used in rats?

A

Monogamous, polygamous

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6
Q

Female rats usually have postpartum estrus within _____ hours of parturition.

A

48 hours

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7
Q

The front teeth of rats grow throughout their lives and are called ______.

A

Incisiors

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8
Q

What rat stock is known as the “hooded rat”?

A

Long-Evans

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9
Q

What are 3 signs of pain, illness or distress in a rat?

A

Hunched posture, poor body condition, ruffled or ungroomed fur

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10
Q

What method of euthanasia would not be acceptable in an adult rat over 200 grams in weight?

A

Cervical dislocation

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11
Q

What is the approximate body weight for adult rats?

A

Male: 300 - 500 grams
Female: 250 - 300 grams

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12
Q

What anatomical characteristic distinguished rats from mice?

A

The lack of a gallbladder

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13
Q

Which rat is albino, has a wide head, long ears, and a tail that is half its body length?

A

Wistar

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14
Q

True or False: Male rats cannot be pair housed or they will fight

A

False; male rats can be co-housed

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15
Q

True or False: Molar teeth of rats grow continuously

A

False; Incisors grow continuously

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16
Q

True or False: Rats are nocturnal and are never active during the day

A

False; rats have periods of activity during the day and night

17
Q

True or False: Red staining around the eyes and nose is due to porphyrin, a secretion that can be normal for rats, but at other times may indicate a condition of stress

A

True

18
Q

True or False: Toe clipping is the recommended ID method for adult rats

A

False; not recommended, and only on neonates under anesthesia, with IACUC approval, when no other ID method is feasible

19
Q

Which of the following are common inbred strains of rats?

[Fischer 334, Wistar, Long-Evans, Sprague Dawley, Lewis, BalbC]

A

Fischer 344, Lewis

20
Q

What is the scientific name for rats?

A

Rattus norvegicus

21
Q

What problem can occur if you pick up rats by the tip of the tail?

A

The tail may rip off or slough

22
Q

List two biological features that rats have in common with mice

A

Can’t vomit; have no premolars or canines; malocclusion is common; similar gestation and weaning times

23
Q

The female sexual cycle lasts about ______ days, and their estrus duration (“heat”) is _______ hours

A

4-5 days; 12 hours

24
Q

The reddish material found in the tears and saliva of rats is called ______.

A

porphyrin

25
Q

Rats are fed free choice food and water, which is sometimes referred to as _____.

A

Ad-libitum

26
Q

Because rats are social animals, they should be ______-housed

A

pair or group

27
Q

Rats can be weaned at __ - __ days of age

A

20 - 21 days

28
Q

How much food and water does an adult rats usually consume in a day (per 100g BW)?

A

Food: 5 grams
Water: 8-11 mL

29
Q

True or False: rats are social animals and benefit from group-housing as well as provision of nest-building material for environmental enrichment

A

True

30
Q

What problem occurs if rats are kept in wire-bottom cages for long periods of time (a year or more)?

A

They can develop foot lesions

31
Q

What is one difference between rats and mice?

A

Rats don’t have a gallbladder

32
Q

What are some similarities between rats and mice?

A

Don’t vomit; no premolars or canine teeth; malocclusion; similar gestation and weaning times

ALAT (34 decks)

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