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Medical Terms > CH5-Respiratory System > Flashcards

CH5-Respiratory System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Mediastinum

A

to stand in the middle

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2
Q

adenoido

A

adenoids

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3
Q

alveolo

A

alveolus

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4
Q

broncho

A

bronchus

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5
Q

diaphragmato

A

diaphragm

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6
Q

epiglotto

A

epiglottis

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7
Q

laryngo

A

larynx

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8
Q

lobo

A

lobe

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9
Q

naso

A

nose

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10
Q

pharyng

A

pharynx

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11
Q

pleuro

A

pleura

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12
Q

pneumo

A

lung, air

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13
Q

pulmono

A

lung

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14
Q

septo

A

septum (wall off, fence)

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15
Q

sinuso

A

sinus

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16
Q

thoraco

A

thorax, chest, chest cavity

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17
Q

tonsillo

A

tonsil

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18
Q

tracheo

A

trachea

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19
Q

oxys

A

sour

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20
Q

gen

A

to produce

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21
Q

atelo

A

imperfect, incomplete

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22
Q

capno

A

carbon dioxide

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23
Q

hemo

A

blood

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24
Q

muco

A

mucus

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25
Q

ortho

A

straight

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26
Q

oxi

A

oxygen

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27
Q

phono

A

sound, voice

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28
Q

pyo

A

pus

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29
Q

radio

A

x-rays, ionizing radiation

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30
Q

somno

A

sleep

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31
Q

sono

A

sound

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32
Q

spiro

A

breathe, breathing

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33
Q

tomo

A

to cut, section, or slice

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34
Q

endo

A

within

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35
Q

eu

A

normal, good

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36
Q

poly

A

many, much

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37
Q

tachy

A

fast, rapid

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38
Q

algia

A

pain

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39
Q

cele

A

hernia or protusion

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40
Q

centesis

A

surgical puncture to aspirate fluid

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41
Q

ectasis

A

stretching out, dilation, expansion

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42
Q

emia

A

in the blood

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43
Q

gram

A

the record, radiographic image

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44
Q

pexy

A

surgical fixation, suspension

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45
Q

pnea

A

breathing

46
Q

rrhagia

A

rapid flow of blood, excessive bleeding

47
Q

scope

A

instrument used for visual examination

48
Q

spasm

A

sudden, involuntary muscle contraction

49
Q

stenois

A

constriction or narrowing

50
Q

stomy

A

creation of an artificial opening

51
Q

thorax

A

chest, chest cavity

52
Q

tomy

A

cut into, incision

53
Q

adenoiditis

A

inflammation of the adenoids

54
Q

alveolitis

A

inflammation of the alveoli

55
Q

atelectasis

A

incomplete expansion

56
Q

bronchiectasis

A

dilation of the bronchi

57
Q

bronchitis

A

inflammation of the bronchi

58
Q

bronchogenic carcinoma

A

cancerous tumor originating in a bronchus

59
Q

bronchopneumonia

A

diseased state of the bronchi and lungs

60
Q

diaphragmatocele

A

hernia of the diaphragm

61
Q

epiglottitis

A

inflammation of the epiglottis

62
Q

hemothorax

A

blood in the chest cavity

63
Q

laryngitis

A

inflammation of the larynx

64
Q

laryngotacheobronchitis

A

inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi

65
Q

lobar pneumonia

A

pertaining to the lobes; diseased state of the lung

66
Q

nasopharyngitis

A

inflammation of the nose and pharynx

67
Q

pharyngitis

A

inflammation of the pharynx

68
Q

pleuritis

A

inflammation of the pleura

69
Q

pneumatocele

A

hernia of the lungs (lung tissue protrudes through an opening in the chest)

70
Q

pneumoconiosis

A

abnormal condition of dust in the lungs

71
Q

pneumonia

A

diseased state of the lung

72
Q

pneumonitis

A

inflammation of the lung

73
Q

pneumothorax

A

air in the chest cavity

74
Q

pulmonary neoplasm

A

pertaining to (in) the lung, new growth (tumor)

75
Q

pyothorax

A

pus in the chest cavity (pleural space)

76
Q

rhinitis

A

inflammation of the nose

77
Q

rhinomycosis

A

abnormal condition of fungus in the nose

78
Q

rhinorrhagia

A

rapid flow of blood from the nose

79
Q

sinusitis

A

inflammation of the sinuses

80
Q

thoracalgia

A

pain in the chest

81
Q

tonsillitis

A

inflammation of the tonsils

82
Q

tracheitis

A

inflammation of the trachea

83
Q

tracheostenosis

A

narrowing of the trachea

84
Q

insidious

A

gradual and subtle onset of disease

85
Q

acute

A

sharp, sudden, short, or severe type of disease

86
Q

subacute

A

between acute and chronic

87
Q

chronic

A

disease that continues for a long time

88
Q

acute respiratory distress syndrome

A

respiratory failure as a result of disease or injury. ARDS is respiratory failure in an adult. Symptoms include dyspnea, tachypnea, and cyanosis.

89
Q

asthma

A

respiratory disease characterized by coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath, caused by constriction and inflammation of airways that is reversible between attacks

90
Q

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

A

progressive lung disease obstructing air flow, which makes breathing difficult. chronic bronchitis and pulmonary emphysema are the two main components of COPD

91
Q

coccidiodomycosis

A

fungal disease affecting the lungs and sometimes other organs of the body

92
Q

croup

A

condition resulting from acute obstruction of the larynx, characterized by a barking cough, hoarseness, and stridor

93
Q

cystic fibrosis (CF)

A

hereditary disorder of the exocrine glands characterized by excess mucus production in the respiratory tract, pancreatic deficiency, and other symptoms

94
Q

deviated septum

A

one part of the nasal cavity is smaller because of malformation or injury of the nasal septum

95
Q

epistaxis

A

nosebleed

96
Q

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)

A

chronic progressive lung disorder characterized by increasing scarring, which ultimately reduces the capacity of the lungs, etiology unknown.

97
Q

influenza

A

highly contagious and often severe viral infection of the respiratory tract

98
Q

obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)

A

repetitive pharyngeal collapse during sleep, which leads to transient periods of apnea (absence of breathing)

99
Q

pertussis

A

highly contagious bacterial infection of the respiratory tract characterized by an acute crowing inspiration or whoop

100
Q

pleural effusion

A

fluid in the pleural space caused by a disease process or trauma

101
Q

pulmonary edema

A

fluid accumulation in the alveoli and bronchioles, most often a manifestation of heart failure

102
Q

pulmonary emphysema

A

loss of elasticity of the alveoli resulting in distention causing stretching of the lung

103
Q

pulmonary embolism (PE)

A

matter foreign to the circulation, carried to the pulmonary artery and its branches, where is blocks circulation to the lungs and can be fatal if of sufficient size or number

104
Q

tuberculosis (TB)

A

infectious bacterial disease, most commonly spread by inhalation of small particles and usually affecting the lungs; may spread to other organs

105
Q

upper respiratory infection (URI)

A

infection of the nasal cavity, pharynx, or larynx usually caused by a virus

106
Q

adenoidectomy

A

excision of the adenoids

107
Q

adenotome

A

instrument used to cut adenoids

108
Q

bronchoplasty

A

surgical repair of bronchus

109
Q

laryngectomy

A

excision of the larynx

110
Q

laryngostomy

A

creation of artificial opening in the larynx

111
Q

pleuropexy

A

surgical fixation of the pleura

Medical Terms (13 decks)

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