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PSYC 204 > Ch4: Genital Anatomy & Sex Response > Flashcards

Ch4: Genital Anatomy & Sex Response Flashcards

1
Q

Mons Pubis

  • location
  • function
A

Fatty pad of tissue at junction of left and right pubic bone

Functions: pheromones signalling, protection against friction during coitus, signalling sexual maturity

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2
Q

Clitoris contains similar receptors to…

A

Glans penis

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3
Q

Most common way for women to feel aroused and to orgasm

A

Clitoris!

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4
Q

During fertile stage of the menstrual cycle, what increases?

A

The clitoris increases in volume during that phase! Wow!

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5
Q

Other parts of the clitoris (2)

A

CRURA & VESTIBULAR BULBS

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6
Q

WHAT IS CRURA

A

Project inward, running along bones that define the perineum

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7
Q

Vestibular bulbs

A

Clitoral tissue that runs into the body along sides of vagina. Has erectile tissue similar to the spongy bodies of the penis

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8
Q

Vulvar vestibule

A

Sensitive entranceway to vaginal and urethral openings

* Considered erogenous zone

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9
Q

Painful condition that makes vulvar vestibule extremely sensitive

A

Provoked vestibulodynia. Sensitivity to penetration from intercourse or even just a speculum.

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10
Q

About __% of women worldwide have experienced female genital mutilation.

A

15

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11
Q

Female genital mutilation affects _____ girls each year.

A

2 million or more.

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12
Q

Reasons for FGM

A
  • ensures chastity before marriage
  • rite of passage securing marriage
  • hygienic/aesthetic (external genitals dirty/unsightly by some)
  • religious requirements
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13
Q

3 vaginal layers:

A

Vaginal mucosa, middle layer, and deepest layer

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14
Q

Outermost vaginal layer called

A

Vaginal mucosa

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15
Q

Vaginal mucosa

A

Similar in texture to inside the mouth
Releases secretions to maintain chemical balance
Also releases lube when sexually aroused

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16
Q

Vaginal middle layer

A

Muscular, more prominent in vagina in outermost third

Tighten during arousal and contract rhythmically during orgasm

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17
Q

Vaginal deepest layer

A

Fibrous tissue, keeps the vagina in the pelvis

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18
Q

Which part of vag is richest in sensory nerve endings?

A

Lowest third! That’s why ppl don’t feel tampons or diaphragms inside the vagina

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19
Q

Bartholin glands

A

Small pair of glands lying next to vagina

Function unknown, may contribute to lubrication just before orgasm

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20
Q

Skene’s glands (3 points)

A
  • Pair of glands on the front wall of vagina
  • Ducts empty into urethra
  • potentially the female equivalent of prostate gland; contribute to sensitivity of g-spot
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21
Q

G-spot stands for…

A

Grafenberg spot

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22
Q

G-spot

A

Large area located on the front vaginal wall

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23
Q

Does the g-spot exist

A

Debatable—for some women it’s extremely pleasurable, for others it doesn’t do much.

Some women also ejaculate fluid very similar to male prostate through their urethras.

Regardless, whether there is an actual anatomical spot, some think there’s a general region.

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24
Q

Where is Mr. Cervix located?

A

Top of vagina, lower third/neck of the uterus.

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25
What that cervix do
Secretes mucous through its glands
26
What’s the opening at the centre of the cervix called?
The os!
27
Uterus has 3 layers, what they called
Endometrium Myometrium Perimetrium
28
Endometrium
Innermost layer of uterus | She’d during mesntruation
29
Myometrium
Muscular layer of uterus Stretches to accommodate fetus Stretches during labour
30
Perimetrium
Deepest layer of uterus Thin smooth membrane
31
Outermost layer of uterus
Perimetrium
32
Innermost layer of uterus
Endometrium
33
Muscular layer of uterus
Myometrium
34
Ovaries: release eggs AND...
Are endocrine glands that produce estrogens & progestins!
35
Where does fertilization happen? Not in the uterus but....
The infundibulum!
36
Infundibulum (2 points)
Part of Fallopian tube closest to the ovary | Has finger-like projects that draw the ova from the ovary into the Fallopian tube
37
Male genitals, external organs:
Penis | Scrotum (with testes inside)
38
Penis functions
Sexual pleasure Urination Reproduction
39
Smooth muscles that make up penis
Corpora cavernosa (x2) & corpus spongiosum
40
Corpora cavernosa
cylindrical bodies covered in fibrous sleeve. Sleeve pulls tight when filled with blood, stiffening penis
41
Corpus spongiosum
Cylinder that remains soft and spongy during erection. Closer to urethra. Keeps pressure off urethra so ejaculation can occur.
42
Foreskin aka
Prepuce
43
Foreskin functions
Protects glans when penis is flaccid
44
Foreskin typically doesn’t retract in...
Babies and children | Separates on its own after about 2-6 years.
45
condition where foreskin is too tight to be pulled back over the head
Phimosis
46
Condition where skin is pulled back and cannot be returned to its original position
Paraphimosis
47
Circumcision pros (4)
* UTI decrease * STI decrease ==> HIV and genital warts * prevents/corrects phimosis * Debatable: penile cancer decrease (but that’s just a phimosis thing)
48
Circumcision cons
* risks such as infection, hemorrhage, shock, mutilation * heightened pain responses to vaccinations in males who did not receive anaesthetic??? * no difference in penile sensitivity or arousal response * infection risk? Just clean it
49
Approximately how prevalent is penile cancer
Very low in developed countries. It would take many many circumcisions to prevent a single case.
50
In Ancient Greece, what size penis was preferred?
Small
51
Cross-cultural study found women rated ____ size penises most attractive
Intermediate-length
52
Scrotum layers
Outer layer: skin with a lil’ hair | Inner layer: involuntary muscle layer - DARTOS!
53
Dartos
Muscle, involuntary contracts testes when cold
54
Testes functions
Secrete androgens Produce sperm (Androgens are male sex hormones)
55
Spermatic cord
Suspends each testis in the scrotum Contains vas deferens, blood vessels, and nerves
56
The testes contains 2 other new words you wanna know...
Spermatic cord and cremaster muscle
57
Cremaster muscle:
Lifts testicles as they contract. Cremaster helps regulate testes temperature by adjust how close they are to the body.
58
Testes formed in...
Abdomen!
59
Seminiferous tubules: location and function
Live inside the testes | Produce and store sperm, along with interstitial cells
60
Epididymis: location and function
Covers part of each testicle | Matures and stores sperm
61
Vas deferens: physiology and function
Thin duct that is part of the spermatic cord | Carries sperm from epididymis to the prostate gland, where they enter the urethra
62
Seminal vesicles: physiology and function
2 glands next to prostate gland near the end of the vas deferens Secretes sugary fluid, which contributes up to 70% of ejaculate fluid
63
Prostate gland function
Secretes thin milky alkaline fluid, creating safe environment for sperm (counters acidity of male urethra and ze vagina)
64
Cowper’s glands
Secrete pre-ejaculate that prepares the urethra for ejaculate MAY CONTAIN HEALTHHY SPERM
65
Prostate cancer lifetime prevalence
ONE IN FUCKING SEVEN
66
Prostate cancer treatment
If caught early, can be treated with prostatectomy If spread, can be treated with androgen deprivation therapy
67
Cons of androgen deprivation therapy
Rarely a long term cure Many side effects Cancer is slow-growing, so there is an ongoing debate about whether it’s worthwhile in older men
68
Masters & Johnson’s sexual response cycle: 2 fundamental processes of the tissue
1 Myotonia 2 Vasocongestion Myotonia is muscle tension Vasocongestion is pooling of blood resulting in swelling
69
Masters & Johnson: four phases of the sexual response cycle
1. Excitement 2. Plateau 3. Orgasm 4. Resolution
70
Sexual response cycle: excitement. What happens?
Vasocongestion > penile erection; vaginal lubrication Can be triggered by direct genital or non-genital stimulation; sexual thoughts
71
Plateau
Levelling off of responses | Dramatic surge of sexual tension
72
Four stages of sexual response cycle: ORGASM
Briefest phase Muscle spasm Male ejaculation Female vaginal and uterine contraction
73
Resolution
Sexual system returns to unaroused state Right after orgasm, if no stimulation occurs, takes longer if orgasm hasn’t occurred
74
Kaplan’s 3-stage model
Desire, excitement, and orgasm.
75
Criticisms of Kaplan
* linear * required orgasm * does desire really come before arousal?
76
Basson: Model of Female Sexual Response More inclusive for two reasons:
* women may engage in sex for non-sexual reasons | * desire does not always come first
77
Basson’s Non-Linear Model of Sexual REsponse
* intimacy * desire can be reactive or spontaneous * desire may come before or after arousal * recognizes that orgasms contribute to satisfaction but aren’t necesssary * considers relationship/contextual factors
78
Age-related decreases in sexual response
* arousal takes longer * vaginal lubrication is reduced (could result in painful intercourse * penises take longer to get erect, may need more stimulation * changes associated with normal decline of testosterone with age * presence of disease and availability of partner
79
Canadian study of 170 female uni women: [sex differences in sexual response, post orgasm]
Many women experience post-orgasm hypersensitivity and avoid further stimulation
80
Women are more likely to experience orgasm from penetration if distance is ______ between clitoris and urethra
Shorter
81
Orgasm arousal, desire, AND temperature decrease, post-orgasm, more quickly in men or women?
Men

PSYC 204 (14 decks)

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