17

Question 1

According to the RCMP, ___ people are trafficked in and thru canada each year

Answer 1

800-1200

Question 2

Risk factors of sex trafficking

Answer 2

Poverty
Domestic violence
High crime

Question 3

Sexual assault risk factors

Answer 3

Being a woman: 7x more likely than men
Indigenous individuals: 3x more likely
Non-straight people: 5x more likely
Uni-aged women

Question 4

Rape trauma syndrome has 2 phases…name & describe them

Answer 4

Acute phase: immediately after assault

• 1-2 months
• intense fear, anger, depression, disbelief, self-blame

Reorganizational phase: months-years post-assault
* victim attempting to take control, may even make positive changes while re-gaining sense of control

Question 5

Average recovery time from sexual assault

Answer 5

Most victims feel like they’ve recovered within 5 years

1/3 have substantial difficulty that continues beyond five years

Question 6

Sex offenders likely to offend if

Answer 6

• they lack social support
• they misuse drugs
• have access to victims

Question 7

Cultures with this factor show higher rates of sexual assault

Answer 7

Greater gender inequity

Greater intolerance regarding sexual orientation

Question 8

Are anti-sexual assault policies actually effective?

Answer 8

Absolutely. They must be specific and clear. A lack of such policies is associated with higher prevalence of sexual assaults.

Question 9

How many of accused sexual offenders are male?

Answer 9

97%

Question 10

Core risk factors of sexual offenders! (5)

Answer 10

1. Intimacy Deficits
2. Offence-supporting social influences
3. Offence-supportive attitudes
4. Limited sexual self-regulation
5. Limited general self-regulation

Question 11

Lalumiere: personal characteristics, etiology of sexually assaultive behaviour

Answer 11

• “young male syndrome”
• willingness to engage in risky violent competitive behaviour to assert dominance
• competitive disadvantage
• young children disadvantaged early in life from “neurodevelopmental insults”
• psychopathy
• psychopathic bhvr more likely to be premeditated than reactive

Question 12

Perpetrators seek vulnerable women

Victims often have these characteristics:

Answer 12

• poor psychological adjustment
• be insecure in relationships
• have been victims previously

Question 13

What is effective for preventing sexual victimization against women?

Answer 13

• self-defence training
• assertiveness training
• verbal and physical resistance! (Screaming, biting, hitting)

Question 14

What isn’t effective in preventing sexual violence?

Answer 14

Non-forceful verbal resistance strategies, such as pleading, crying, and reasoning

Question 15

Post-rape, what forensic evidence can be collected? What medical treatments are necessary? What is the window for these procedures?

Answer 15

Collecting internal forensic samples
medications to prevent HIV/AIDS and other STI’s
Plan B

72 hours

Question 16

Legal penalty for sexual assault

Answer 16

18 months and/or $5,000 fine

- 10 years in prison

Question 17

Sexual assault with a weapon

Answer 17

MAXIMUM PENALTY of 14 years

Question 18

Aggravated sexual assault (perpetrator wounds, disfigures, or endangers life of victim)

Answer 18

Maximum sentence of life in prison

Question 19

In Canada, what is the median sentence for sexual assault?

Answer 19

360 days

Vs. 540 days for robbery

Question 20

What percentage of men have been victims of sexual assault?

Answer 20

0.2% - 30%

Question 21

Average age range for men sexually assaulted by men

Answer 21

Victim is usually under 15

Question 22

When men are assaulted by female perpetrators, what is the average age range?

Answer 22

18-22

Question 23

When men get sexually assaulted…

They are more likely to be physically hurt, verbally pressured, or given alcohol/drugs by male perpetrators.

T/F?

Answer 23

False! Those are equally likely between both male and female perpetrators

Question 24

Childhood sexual abuse prevalence estimates? (1 for each gender)

Answer 24

4. 8% of men

15. 2% of women

Question 25

Mental conditions child abuse is related to:

Answer 25

Depression
Anxiety
PTSD
Sexual dysfunction
Interpersonal problems in adulthood

Question 26

Sexual harassment is more common for:

Answer 26

• low-paying/less secure jobs
• racial minorities
• religious minorities
• LGLBTQ+ people
• disabled people

Question 27

Theories about why sexual harassment occurs

Sociocultural theory

Answer 27

Gender inequity and sexism in a society lead to harassment

Question 28

Organizational theory of sexual harassment

Answer 28

Power and status inequalities lead to harassment

Question 29

Sex-role spillover theory of sexual theory

Answer 29

Differences in gender-based expectations of roles

Question 30

Natural/biological theory of sexual harassment

Answer 30

Men’s strong drive to be sexually aggressive and use power to gain access to sex

Question 31

Four-factor theory of sexual harassment

Answer 31

Best supported
Four key conditions that must be present for harassment to occur

1) motivation to harass
2) overcome cognitive inhibitions not do the harassment
3) overcome cultural/societal inhibitions not to harass
4) overcome resistance by the victim

Question 32

Prevalence of stalking by gender

Answer 32

12-16% of women

4-7% of men

Question 33

Is stalking traumatic?

Answer 33

Yes!! Its chronicity means that it can have serious consequences for mental health

Question 34

Average characteristics of stalkers

Answer 34

75% of stalkers are male
35-40 years of age (older than other criminals)
Often have other psychological problems

Question 35

Legal sanctions for stalking

Answer 35

<10 years
Peace bond
Restraining orders