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Clinical Procedures II > Ch.35 Dentistry & Dental prophylaxis > Flashcards

Ch.35 Dentistry & Dental prophylaxis Flashcards

1
Q

Steps to dental cleanings

A

Scaling
Periodontal debridement
Polishing

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2
Q

Tech dentistry tasks

A

Cleanings
Obtaining dx info
Dental charting and radiography
Intraoperative assistance
Client education

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3
Q

Orthodontics is

A

the branch of dentistry that focuses on dx and tx “bad bites” (malocclusion)

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4
Q

Endodontics is:

A

the branch of dentistry concerning dental pulp and tissues surrounding the roots of a tooth

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5
Q

Exodontics is

A

a branch of dentistry that deals with the extraction of teeth

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6
Q

Technicians are not doing procedures resulting in

A

alterations in shape, structure, or position of teeth in the dental arch

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7
Q

Brachydont teeth:

A

-small, distinct crown compared with the size of their well-developed roots.
-root apex are open for a limited time during eruption and development of the teeth
-do not continually grow or erupt
(ex: humans, carnivores, pigs)

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8
Q

What classification of teeth is the following:
-comparatively large reserve crown beneath the gingival margin and root structure that allows for continued growth and/or continued eruption during all or most of animal’s lifetime
-horses, rodents, lagomorphs

A

hypsodont

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9
Q

Subcategories of Hypsodont teeth

A

Radicular & Aradicular

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10
Q

Radicular teeth:

A

Apices eventually close
Growth discontinues

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11
Q

Aradicular teeth

A

lack true root structure
lifelong tooth growth

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12
Q

Incisors are used for

A

gnawing and grooming

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13
Q

Canines are used for

A

prehension and holding

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14
Q

Premolars and molars are for

A

shearing and grinding

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15
Q

Diphyodont:

A

two sets of teeth (deciduous and permanent), # of teeth and roots vary, most mammals

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16
Q

Modified Triadan System `

A

100 series (right maxillary quad.)
200 series (left maxillary quad.)
300 series (left mandibular quad.)
400 series (right mandibular quad.)

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17
Q

T/F: a scissor bite is normal for dogs and cats

A

true

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18
Q

Mandibular incisor should be behind the _

A

maxillary

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19
Q

term for when the upper jaw is wider than the lower jaw

A

anisognathism

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20
Q

Molars have occlusal surfaces for _ _

A

crushing food

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21
Q

carnivores have fewer _

A

molars

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22
Q

How many molars do canines have

A

2 maxillary and 3 mandibular

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23
Q

molars are susceptible to

A

caries lesions (cavities)

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24
Q

The deciduous teeth begin to erupt around - weeks of age

A

2-3

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25
Q

Permanent adult teeth in canines erupt between - months and - months in cats

A

3-7; 3-6

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26
Q

Clinical symptoms associated with oral issues

A

pawing at mouth, dropping or walking away from food after first bite, rubbing face on furniture, showing aggression when touched on face

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27
Q

Extraoral exam includes:

A

head, face, eyes, ears, and neck

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28
Q

Intraoral exam is done under anesthesia and examines

A

soft tissues of oral cavity, dental structures, periodontium

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29
Q

what is CUPS

A

chronic ulcerative paradental stomatitis; painful condition that dogs can exhibit. P’s with CUPS often have profound inflammation at the gingiva, buccal and palatal mucosa, lip tissue, tongue tissue caused by bacteria in plaque

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30
Q

Rugae are more closely positioned in _ dogs

A

brachycephalic

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31
Q

Periodontal probes are used for

A

measuring, assessing mobility, assessing gingival bleeding

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32
Q

dental explorers are used to explore the _ of the tooth

A

topography

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33
Q

tactile sensitivity is achieve with the explorer when the flexible working end of the explorer _ as it detects surface irregularities

A

vibrates

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34
Q

Dental explorers can be used to detect:

A

surface irregularities, completeness of debridement, smooth transitions of fillings

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35
Q

intraoral radiographs are _

A

essential

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36
Q

Most common digital radiography for dentals

A

Direct radiography (DR)

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37
Q

Which radiography technique minimizes distortion

A

bisecting angle technique

38
Q

with the paralleling radiography technique, the x-ray machine is aimed parallel to

A

the long axis of the tooth

39
Q

Is the periodontal ligament space radiopaque or radiolucent

A

radiolucent

40
Q

Periodontium structures

A

periodontal ligament, gingival connective tissue, alveolar bone forming tooth socket, cementum

41
Q

Periodontitis is

A

accumulation of plaque and body’s response to it

42
Q

Plaque becomes mineralized adherent calculus after _ hours if not removed

A

24

43
Q

Periodontal debridement is a nonsurgical instrumentation focusing on removal of

A

hard and soft deposits from supra gingival and sub gingival surfaces, and disrupt bacteria within the sulcus

44
Q

Safety precautions for personnel during power scaling

A

wear gloves, high bacterial filtration mask, eye protection, gown or scrub top

45
Q

Safety precautions for patient during power scaling

A

-lubricate/cover p’s eyes
-intubate P and ensure cuff is fully inflated and check during procedures

46
Q

Universal: broad tips are used for _ and _ deposits

A

medium and heavy

47
Q

Slim tips are used for

A

sub gingival pockets and furcation areas

48
Q

Replace power scaling tips when worn down _ mm

A

2

49
Q

Amplitude in power scaling is the

A

distance tip moves in one cycle

50
Q

Why is water usage important during power scaling

A

prevent pulp damage due to heat

51
Q

3 parts of dental instruments

A

handle, shank, working end

52
Q

Examination instruments

A

probes and explorers

53
Q

Scaling instruments

A

cruets, scalers, files, hoes

54
Q

Principles of scaling:

A

-Adaptation (application of cutting edge against tooth)
-Angulation (relationship of face of instrument to tooth)
-Stroke (explorer, work, root planing)

55
Q

Dull instruments can _ calculus

A

burnish

56
Q

Polish each tooth for only - seconds

A

3-5

57
Q

Benefits of regional nerve blocks for oral sx

A

preemptive and postop analgesia, decreased concentration of inhalant anesthetic gas

58
Q

3 basic uses of nerve blocks

A

splash block, local anesthesia, regional anesthesia

59
Q

Infraorbital nerve block: tip of needle on

A

ipsilateral maxilla

60
Q

Middle mental nerve block:

A

ipsilateral rostral lower lip from labial frenulum

61
Q

Inferior alveolar nerve block : soft tissue/bone. _ may be preferred

A

lidocaine

62
Q

Maxillary nerve block

A

entire maxillary quadrant on buccal and palatal sides

63
Q

Grade 1 periodontal tx

A

routine cleaning, increased home care

64
Q

Grade 2 periodontal tx

A

root debridement, sub gingival currettage

65
Q

Grade 3 periodontal tx

A

root debridement, gingival currettage, sx

66
Q

Grade 5 periodontal tx

A

extraction

67
Q

closed extractions are performed on

A

single rooted teeth or severe periodontal disease

68
Q

No hard food or treats for _ days postop exodontics

A

14

69
Q

Endodontics is the study and tx of

A

inside of tooth (pulp) and periodical tissue (at apex of tooth root)

70
Q

What does restorative dentistry do

A

restores or maintains tooth’s structure and function

71
Q

Tooth resorption is common in

A

cats

72
Q

Class 1 malocclusion

A

Jaw length normal, one or more teeth in abnormal position

73
Q

Class 2 malocclusion

A

mandibular distoclusion, mandible shorter than maxilla

74
Q

Class 3 malocclusion

A

manbiular mesioclusion, maxilla shorter than mandible

75
Q

Wry bite

A

maxillary-mandibular asymmetry

76
Q

Examples of mesocephalic or mesaticephalic dogs

A

beagles, labs

77
Q

dolichocephalic breeds

A

sight hounds, siamese cats

78
Q

interceptive orthodontics is

A

extraction of adult teeth that are causing or will cause malocclusion problems (ex: persistent deciduous teeth) remove entire tooth root

79
Q

Tertiary dentin is produced in reaction to

A

various stimuli, such as attrition, caries, or a restorative dental procedure

80
Q

Complicated fracture is when the _ is exposed

A

pulp

81
Q

Common malignant oral tumor in cats

A

squamous cell carcinoma

82
Q

common benign oral tumor in canines

A

gingival tumor

83
Q

Other common oral neoplasia in dogs

A

malignant melanoma, SCC, fibrosarcoma, osteosarcoma

84
Q

What is stomatitis

A

diffuse inflammation of entire oral cavity

85
Q

Stomatitis is common in cats and can be because of

A

multiple causes, gingostomatits, immunosuppressives,

86
Q

What should be placed on a patient with a jaw fracture until sx

A

tape muzzle

87
Q

Horses have _ deciduous teeth

A

24

88
Q

Horses have _ over occlusal surfaces

A

cementum

89
Q

To determine horses age:

A

occlusal surface features, eruption times, dental star

90
Q

Mandibular brachygnathism aka

A

parrot mouth

91
Q

maxillary brachygnathism aka

A

monkey mouth

Clinical Procedures II (8 decks)

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