Ch3. Notes Given In Class Flashcards
Greece is the…
Country
Greeks are…
The people living in Greece
Greek is…
Language/adjective
What was the time of the Greeks and the Romans?
Antiquity (oudheid)
What is antiquity?
The ancient past (oudheid)
What is a type of society in ancient Greece?
Agricultural-urban society
What is agricultural-urban society?
The most common means of excistence= agriculture, but there are also cities= specialisation and trade
What is the singular word for a city-state?
Polis
What is a polis?
A city-state, a city+surrounding countryside+villages
What is plural for a polis?
Poleis
Each polis had their own…
Government (rules and laws), army, currency (coins).
Sometimes two or more city-states…
Waged war agains each other.
If there are many different city-states why then do we speak of ‘Ancient Greece’?
Because there are similarities between people living in Greek Poleis.
What are these similarities between people living in Greek Poleis?
1: language
- everybode speaks Greek
2: Architecture
- We find the same kind of architecture troughout Greece
3: Religion
- Everybody believes in/honours the same gods
The Greek god have human characteristics. What kind of?
- Appearance (human form)
- Family connection
- Character traits/ emotions
- Are immortal (onsterfelijk)
- Process extraordinary powers
How did the Greek honour the gods?
Temples = house of a god or goddess
Build to last: material is stone
-Bring offerings
-Organizing festivals
Explain the form of government, Monarchy
-One person holds the power The monarch (king/queen) -Power is heriditary (‘erfelijk’) -Power is legally obtained (’wettelijk verkregen’) -It’s the queen legal right to rule
Explain the government, tyranny
-One person holds the power: a tyrant
-Power is grabbed by the tyrant
Often with help of soldiers
- Power = illegally obtained
(‘Onrechtmatig verkregen’)
It wasn’t the tyrant’s official, legal right to rule: he took the power for himself
Explain the government Aristocracy
- A small group of elite Privileged people hold the power (=nobility)
- In order to rule you have to be a noblema, your birth decides if you’re allowed to rule or not
Explain the government Oligarchy.
-A small group of people is in power
-In order to rule you have to meet a certain standard, for example
You have to possess a certain amount of wealth
Explain the government Democracy
-The people (demos) hold the power
-So a large group of people hold power
-Decision that concern the polis are made through voting
You could vote if you were
An athenian citizen (=have civil rights)
Male
18 years or older
Forms of government in Athens are really unique in the ancient world
In the democracy there was a change to …somebody
Ocracise
What means ostracise?
That if a person gained too much power and formed danger that person could be voted out
What is ostrakon?
A piece of Broken pottery where they would write down the name of the person who they wanted to vote out
When had your name the majority?
With 6000
What happened if you were ostracised?
You have to leave Athens for a period of ten years and when you return your property will still be yours
