CH3 Cells

Question 1

Cell Theory

Answer 1

all living things are made up of and come from cells

Question 2

What are the Eukaryotics species
?

Answer 2

Plants, animals, fungi

Question 3

What are the Prokaryotics?

Answer 3

Bacteria and Archeaea Domains

Question 4

What are the features of Prokarys?

Answer 4

-NO NUCLEUS to hold DNA
- cell wall
- smaller

Question 5

What do ALL cells have in common?

Answer 5

-cell membrame
-cytoplasm
-dna
-ribosomes

Question 6

Features of Eukarytoics

Answer 6

nucleus
membrane bound organelles

Question 7

What makes up the Cell Membrane?

Answer 7

Phopholipid bilayer
peripheral proteins
integral proteins

Question 8

what is the purpose of the PHospho Bilayer

Answer 8

controls what comes into and outta cell

Question 9

what is the purpose of the Cytoplasm and what is it made up of?

Answer 9

holds organelles and made of Cytosol, gel like shit

Question 10

What is the purpose Cytoskeleton?

Answer 10

network of prot fibres MAINTAINGIN shape of cell

Question 11

What are the THREE lil structures with Cytoskele?

Answer 11

Microfilaments =- moves celluar components inside cell
Intermediate Fibres = provide structure
Microtubes = move organelles around

Question 12

What are Flagella and Cilia>

Answer 12

Flag = long hairs and cover cell membrane
for unicelluar organisms = propell gthem
Cilia- moves along cell membrane

Question 13

What is the purpose of the Endomembrane System

Answer 13

to MODIFY, PACKAGE and TRANSPORT Lipids and Proteins

Question 14

What oraganelles are invovled in the Endomembrane system?

Answer 14

Nuclear Envelope
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus
Lysosome
Vescicles + Cell Membrane

Question 15

Where are Ribosomes born?

Answer 15

nucleolus

Question 16

What is the ROUGH ER>?

Answer 16

where ribosomes are
where protein synthesis occurs

Question 17

what is the smooth ER?

Answer 17

where lipid hormone synthesis , detox of poisions and alcohols occur

Question 18

what is the Golgi?

Answer 18

recevies stuff from ER and where proteins and lipids are modified and tagged (packaged)
sends stuff to cell membrane

Question 19

What are lysosomes?

Answer 19

has digestive enzymes(proteins) that breaks down macromolecules (phagocytosis)
destroys pathogens

Question 20

What are the purposes of vesicles and vacuoles?

Answer 20

stores
transports

Question 21

what is the purpose of ribosomes?

Answer 21

synthesis of proteins

Question 22

Mitochondria

Answer 22

POWERHOUSE OF CELL
creates energy ATP

Question 23

Peroxisomes

Answer 23

breaks down fatty and amino acids
detox of poisons

Question 24

what is the purpose of the Cell Membrane?

Answer 24

a flexible boundary that ALLOWS and EXCLUDES substances

Question 25

Fluid Mosaic Model Features?

Answer 25

Phopholipids Cholestorol proteins carbs

Question 26

What is the structure of the Phospholipid Bilayer?

Answer 26

Hydrophilic polar head hydrophobic tails in center

Question 27

What are the proteins in the Cell membrane

Answer 27

Integral - in membrane itself channels and carrieres Peripheral - on top or bo'em

Question 28

what is purpose of carbs on membrane?

Answer 28

bounds to either proteins -- glycoproteins bounds to lipids -- glycolipids covalently

Question 29

What is Simple Diffusion?

Answer 29

substance goes from a high concentration -->low concentration can easily slip through the membrane w/o assistance passive, no charge

Question 30

examples of substances that use Simple Diffusion

Answer 30

CArbon Dioxide Co2, Oxygen O2, small lipids, some aa's

Question 31

ex of substances that use Facilitated Diffusion?

Answer 31

ions like Na+(sodium), Ca+(calcium) K+(potassium)

Question 32

What is Osmosis

Answer 32

Diffusion of water no energy,

Question 33

what is Osmolarity?

Answer 33

the amount of solute in solutions and total amount of solute in solution

Question 34

What is a Hypertonic solution?

Answer 34

when the soilution has a HIGHER concentration than the cell water goes OUT of cell and SHRIVELS

Question 35

Hypotonic Solution?

Answer 35

solution has a LOWER concentration than the cell water moves INTO cell

Question 36

Isotonic?

Answer 36

good solutionj on outside and inside cell is the same water dont reallt move

Question 37

What is Plasmotysis?

Answer 37

whgen a plant cell's membrane shrivels

Question 38

What is Flaccid

Answer 38

the state where the plant cell is filled accordingly

Question 39

what happens to a plant cell when it is put in a hypotonic solution?

Answer 39

it becomes TURGID

Question 40

What is Active Transport?

Answer 40

uses ATP goes against concentration gradient goes from LOW -->HIGH concentration

Question 41

what are the two types of Active TRansport?

Answer 41

exo and endo - cytosis

Question 42

what is Exocytosis? what happens during it?

Answer 42

when substances are taken out of cells substances are brought to the cell membrane, engulfed by vesicles and expelled out

Question 43

what is Endocytosis?

Answer 43

when substances move into cells forms a vescile

Question 44

Phagocytosis?

Answer 44

takes in LARGER particles and EATS it in vesickles

Question 45

Pinocytosis?

Answer 45

takes in smaller particles and DRINKS them

Question 46

Receptor Mediator >?

Answer 46

receptor proteins bind onto the substances, forms vesicle into cell