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trends in Bio > CH3 Cells > Flashcards

CH3 Cells Flashcards

1
Q

Cell Theory

A

all living things are made up of and come from cells

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2
Q

What are the Eukaryotics species
?

A

Plants, animals, fungi

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3
Q

What are the Prokaryotics?

A

Bacteria and Archeaea Domains

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4
Q

What are the features of Prokarys?

A

-NO NUCLEUS to hold DNA
- cell wall
- smaller

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5
Q

What do ALL cells have in common?

A

-cell membrame
-cytoplasm
-dna
-ribosomes

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6
Q

Features of Eukarytoics

A

nucleus
membrane bound organelles

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7
Q

What makes up the Cell Membrane?

A

Phopholipid bilayer
peripheral proteins
integral proteins

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8
Q

what is the purpose of the PHospho Bilayer

A

controls what comes into and outta cell

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9
Q

what is the purpose of the Cytoplasm and what is it made up of?

A

holds organelles and made of Cytosol, gel like shit

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10
Q

What is the purpose Cytoskeleton?

A

network of prot fibres MAINTAINGIN shape of cell

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11
Q

What are the THREE lil structures with Cytoskele?

A

Microfilaments =- moves celluar components inside cell
Intermediate Fibres = provide structure
Microtubes = move organelles around

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12
Q

What are Flagella and Cilia>

A

Flag = long hairs and cover cell membrane
for unicelluar organisms = propell gthem
Cilia- moves along cell membrane

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13
Q

What is the purpose of the Endomembrane System

A

to MODIFY, PACKAGE and TRANSPORT Lipids and Proteins

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14
Q

What oraganelles are invovled in the Endomembrane system?

A

Nuclear Envelope
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus
Lysosome
Vescicles + Cell Membrane

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15
Q

Where are Ribosomes born?

A

nucleolus

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16
Q

What is the ROUGH ER>?

A

where ribosomes are
where protein synthesis occurs

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17
Q

what is the smooth ER?

A

where lipid hormone synthesis , detox of poisions and alcohols occur

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18
Q

what is the Golgi?

A

recevies stuff from ER and where proteins and lipids are modified and tagged (packaged)
sends stuff to cell membrane

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19
Q

What are lysosomes?

A

has digestive enzymes(proteins) that breaks down macromolecules (phagocytosis)
destroys pathogens

20
Q

What are the purposes of vesicles and vacuoles?

A

stores
transports

21
Q

what is the purpose of ribosomes?

A

synthesis of proteins

22
Q

Mitochondria

A

POWERHOUSE OF CELL
creates energy ATP

23
Q

Peroxisomes

A

breaks down fatty and amino acids
detox of poisons

24
Q

what is the purpose of the Cell Membrane?

A

a flexible boundary that ALLOWS and EXCLUDES substances

25
Q

Fluid Mosaic Model Features?

A

Phopholipids
Cholestorol
proteins
carbs

26
Q

What is the structure of the Phospholipid Bilayer?

A

Hydrophilic polar head
hydrophobic tails in center

27
Q

What are the proteins in the Cell membrane

A

Integral - in membrane itself channels and carrieres
Peripheral - on top or bo’em

28
Q

what is purpose of carbs on membrane?

A

bounds to either proteins – glycoproteins
bounds to lipids – glycolipids
covalently

29
Q

What is Simple Diffusion?

A

substance goes from a high concentration –>low concentration
can easily slip through the membrane w/o assistance
passive, no charge

30
Q

examples of substances that use Simple Diffusion

A

CArbon Dioxide Co2, Oxygen O2, small lipids, some aa’s

31
Q

ex of substances that use Facilitated Diffusion?

A

ions like Na+(sodium), Ca+(calcium) K+(potassium)

32
Q

What is Osmosis

A

Diffusion of water
no energy,

33
Q

what is Osmolarity?

A

the amount of solute in solutions and total amount of solute in solution

34
Q

What is a Hypertonic solution?

A

when the soilution has a HIGHER concentration than the cell
water goes OUT of cell and SHRIVELS

35
Q

Hypotonic Solution?

A

solution has a LOWER concentration than the cell
water moves INTO cell

36
Q

Isotonic?

A

good
solutionj on outside and inside cell is the same
water dont reallt move

37
Q

What is Plasmotysis?

A

whgen a plant cell’s membrane shrivels

38
Q

What is Flaccid

A

the state where the plant cell is filled accordingly

39
Q

what happens to a plant cell when it is put in a hypotonic solution?

A

it becomes TURGID

40
Q

What is Active Transport?

A

uses ATP
goes against concentration gradient
goes from LOW –>HIGH concentration

41
Q

what are the two types of Active TRansport?

A

exo and endo - cytosis

42
Q

what is Exocytosis? what happens during it?

A

when substances are taken out of cells
substances are brought to the cell membrane, engulfed by vesicles and expelled out

43
Q

what is Endocytosis?

A

when substances move into cells
forms a vescile

44
Q

Phagocytosis?

A

takes in LARGER particles and EATS it in vesickles

45
Q

Pinocytosis?

A

takes in smaller particles and DRINKS them

46
Q

Receptor Mediator >?

A

receptor proteins bind onto the substances, forms vesicle into cell

trends in Bio (16 decks)

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