CH 2 chem of life Flashcards
Waht makes up the Atom Structure?
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
What are the charges and masses of Protons, Neutrons and Electrons
Protons = charge of +1, amu of 1
Neutrons = no charge, amu of 1
Electrons = -1 charge, no mass
What makes up the mass of an Atom?
the protons and neutrons
How do you find the Atomic Number?
Protons + Neutrons
How do you find the Atomic Mass?
Protons +Neutrons
How many electrons can each of the shells of an atom can hold?
1st shell = 2
2 shell = 8
3 shell = 18
Octet Rule
in order for an atom to be stable, the outer shell MUST be filled
Ions
charged atoms where it has a missing or one extra electron in its outer shell
CATions
Positive ions when they LOSE one or more elecs
ANions
negative ions when they GAIN one or more ions
Ionic Bonds
When ions opposites attract one another and transfer their electrons to one another
Covalent Bonds
when there is sharing between electrons on atoms outerr shell
What are Nonpolar Cova Bonds?
when there is an EQUAL sharing between eletrons, no one. is polarized
What are Polar Cova Bonds
when some eletrons spend more time w another atom than the other
What is a Hydrogen bond and what kind of bond?>
a Hydrogen atom with a slightly positive charge is with another atom, like water H2o
is a polar Cova Bond
