ch3- are we what we eat Flashcards
what brain center triggers saiety
Hypothalmus
What specific sugnals prompt us to eat (2)
- nerve receptor in stomach send signals when it senses stomach is empty
- Blood glucose levels trigger horomone release (glucagon/insulin)
What has the highest and lowest satiety values of all the macronuts.
Protein>fats>carbs
solids>semisolids/fluids
what sensory data makes us want to eat
Sight smell taste texture sounds
what is the cephalic phase
1st step of digestion
- Hunger and appetite combine to prepare GI tract to digest food
- nervous system stims release of digestive juices
what does salivary amylase do
-An enzyme produced by the salivary glands that begins the chemical digestion of carbs
what sphincter seperates the esophagus from the stomach
Gastreoesophageal sphincter
what does gastric juice contain and what do they do
HCL- denatures pro and activates pepsin
Pepsin- digest pro
gastric lipase- enzyme to digest fat
Mucus- protects stomach lining
what spinchter seperates stomach from small intestine
Pyloric sphincter
what does liver produce and what does it break down
Produces bile which emulsifies fats (stored in gall bladder)
What does pancreas produce and what does it do
Produces bicarbonate to neutralize chyme
What 2 absorbative features does the gi tract have
- Villi- folds in lining that are in close contact w nutrient molecules
- Brush border- composed of microvilli to increase surface area
water soluble nutrients enter what in absorbtion
Portal vein that transports these nutrients to the liver
Fat soluble nutrients enter what in absorption
lymphatic vessels transport nutrients directly to the bloodstream
what sphincter seperates small intestine + large intestine
Ileocecal valve
