Ch2 Brain Development

Question 1

_____________ = Neural tube becomes CNS, the cavity becomes ventricles, and in ________ , two days later, (day 26) posterior end closes at spinal cord end.

Answer 1

Primary Neurulation / Secondaty Neurulation

Question 2

The________ are the bulges from the neural tube

Answer 2

vesicles

Question 3

The________ are the bends in the neural tube

Answer 3

flexures

Question 4

There are 3 Primary Vesicles:

Prosencephalon = ________ (becomes ______)
Mesencephalon = ____ (becomes ______)
Rhombencephalon = _______ (becomes ______)

Answer 4

Prosencephalon = forebrain (becomes cerebrum)
Mesencephalon = midbrain (becomes midbrain of brainstem)
Rhombencephalon = hindbrain (becomes brainstem and cerebellum)

Question 5

There are 2 Primary Flexures: _____ and _____

Answer 5

cervical and cephalic

Question 6

There are 5 secondary Vesicles :

Prosencephalon divides into: - _______ (becomes ______) and _______ (becomes _______)

Mesencephalon stays the same

Rhombencephalon divides into: _________ (becomes __________ ) and ___________ (becomes ___________)

Answer 6

Prosencephalon divides into: telencephalon (becomes cerebral hemispheres) and diencephalon (becomes thalamus and hypothalamus)

Mesencephalon stays the same

Rhombencephalon divides into: metencephalon (becomes pons and cerebellum) and myelenencephalon (becomes medulla)

Question 7

__________ = when complete failure to close the neural tube

Answer 7

Craniorachischisis

Question 8

___________ = when posterior end of neural tube fails to close

Answer 8

myelomeningocele (Severe form of spina bifida)

Question 9

____________ = when anterior end of neural tube fails to close

Answer 9

Anencephaly (absence of part of CNS)

Question 10

Supplementation of __________ helps prevent
neural tube defects

Answer 10

folic acid (vitamin B9)

Question 11

During Secondary Neurulation: problems with _____

Answer 11

sacral end of spinal cord

Question 12

_____________ : longitudinal fissure is missing or partial, no corpus callosum

Answer 12

Holoprosencephaly