Ch.14 Sensation & Perception: Taste And Vision Flashcards
What is sensation?
Refers to the processing of information from our environment through 5 senses, smell, sight, hearing, taste and touch.
What is perception?
Is the process whereby the brain interprets the incoming sensory information.
What are the 6 stages of sensation and perception?
Sensation
Reception
Transduction
Transmission
Perception
Selection
Organisation
Interpretation
Label eye diagram
optic nerve blind spot fovea retina vitreous humour lens cornea iris pupil aqueous humour ciliary muscle
Reception
Light enters the eye through the cornea. It then passes through the pupil. The lens focuses the light on the retina.
Transduction
The electromagnetic energy (light energy) is converted by the rods and cones into electrochemical nerve impulses. This allows the visual information to travel to the brain.
Transmission
The rods and cones send the nerve impulses to the primary visual cortex.
Selection
Millions of stimuli enter the eye and it is impossible to process them all at once. The image is broken up by specialised cells called feature detectors.
Organisation
Our visual cortex reorganises information so that we can make sense of it. We do this by using certain visual perceptual principles.
perceptual constancies
Gestalt principles
depth cues
Once the image is re-assembled, it travels to the temporal lobe, to identify the object, and to the parietal lobe, to judge where the object is in space.
Interpretation
The temporal lobes identify what the object is by comparing information already stored in the memory.
eg. past experiences
What are the five different tastes?
Bitter Salty Sour Sweet Umami
What are rods?
The photoreceptors providing peripheral vision in black and white.
What are cones?
The photoreceptors providing clear vision in colour. They need bright light to work.
What are photoreceptors?
A layer of specialised nerve cells that detects visual stimuli.
