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Microbiology > Ch.13-14 > Flashcards

Ch.13-14 Flashcards

1
Q

what is a “bubo”?

A

Swollen, painful lymph node.

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2
Q

Another common name for the bubonic plague was “Black Death”. Why this name?

A

Because as the disease progressed, it would often result in dark purple or black hemorrhage.

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3
Q

What is a common name for Tularemia?

A

Rabbit Fever

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4
Q

The bacterium Francisella tularensis causes:

A

Tularemia or “Rabbit Fever”

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5
Q

Rickettsia prowazekii bacterium causes what disease?

A

Typhus

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6
Q

Coxielli burnetii bacterium causes what disease?

A

Q Fever

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7
Q

What is the vector for typhus?

A

body lice

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8
Q

Describe the 3 phases of Lyme disease.

A
  1. Bullseye red rash
  2. Flu-like symptoms
  3. Immune complex disorders or arthritis
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9
Q

The bacterium Yersinia pest is causes what?

A

bubonic plague

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10
Q

What is an arbovirus?

A

An arthropod borne virus

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11
Q

Name 3 hemohrragic fevers or diseases.

A

Ebola virus
Marburg disease
Hantavirus

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12
Q

How are arboviruses spread?

A

Mosquitoes

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13
Q

List 3 arboviral encephalatides common in the USA.

A

St. Louis Encephalitis
California Encephalitis
Eastern Equine Encephalitis

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14
Q

How has yellow fever been controlled in the USA?

A

Mosquito control

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15
Q

What cancer is associated with HBV?

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma

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16
Q

What is CMV and what does it cause?

A

Cytomegalovirus causes approx. 10% of mononucleosis cases. It can reactivate in the mother during the 3rd trimester and cause birth defects.

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17
Q

Where do Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) remain latent?

A

In the white blood cells

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18
Q

What is the infectious form of malaria that infects red blood cells?

A

merozoites

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19
Q

What is a common treatment for malaria and where is it found?

A

Quinine

Tree bark

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20
Q

List the 2 major body sites for malarial infection.

A

Liver and red blood cells

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21
Q

How do humans acquire toxoplasma gondii?

A

From handling cat fecies

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22
Q

Is HIV RNA or DNA?

A

RNA

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23
Q

What rare cancer is remarkably high in AIDS patients?

A

Kaposi’s Sarcoma due to re activation of the herpes virus 8

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24
Q

What does the drug Zidovudine treat? How does it work.

A

Fights aids through reverse transcriptase inhibition.

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25
Q

What is a retrovirus?

A

A virus that has the enzyme reverse transcriptase which can synthesize a double strand of DNA from a single strand of RNA.

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26
Q

What is the receptor for HIV attachment to cells and which cells have
this receptor?

A

The T-cell receptor in CD4 cells

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27
Q

What enzyme can be useful in breaking down clots in the heart attack patient?

A

Streptokinase

28
Q

Name 2 genera of organisms used to make sauerkraut.

A

Leuconostoc

Lactobacillus

29
Q

What organisms produce yogurt?

A

Lactobacillus

Streptococcus thermophilus

30
Q

Sometimes microbes will grow on dead algae in a body of water and then use up all of the oxygen in the water. What is this called?

31
Q

The ocean is divided into 3 zones, name them for the following regions:

  1. Near the shoreline
  2. The general ocean floor
  3. The trenches
A
  1. Littoral zone
  2. Benthic zone
  3. Abyssal zone
32
Q

What is BOD?

A

Biochemical Oxygen Demand - the rate at which microbes remove oxygen from water

33
Q

What is the purpose of alum in water purification?

A

Alum forms a gel that microbes and particles stick to as the gel settles out and removes them.

34
Q

What have we learned from the use of DDT?

A

That it is important to use pesticides that are broken down quickly.

35
Q

What is a mutualistic colony of algae and fungi?

36
Q

What digests the cellulose from wood in termites?

37
Q

What type of organism produces methane?

38
Q

What is an arbovirus?

A

An arthropod borne virus

39
Q

Name 4 hemohrragic fevers or diseases.

A

Ebola virus
Last Fever
Marburg disease
Hantavirus

40
Q

How are arboviruses spread?

A

Mosquitoes

41
Q

List 3 arboviral encephalatides common in the USA.

A

St. Louis Encephalitis
California Encephalitis
Eastern Equine Encephalitis

42
Q

How has yellow fever been controlled in the USA?

A

Mosquito control

43
Q

What cancer is associated with HBV?

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma

44
Q

What is CMV and what does it cause?

A

Cytomegalovirus causes approx. 10% of mononucleosis cases. It can reactivate in the mother during the 3rd trimester and cause birth defects.

45
Q

Where do Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) remain latent?

A

In the white blood cells

46
Q

What is the infectious form of malaria that infects red blood cells?

A

merozoites

47
Q

What is a common treatment for malaria and where is it found?

A

Quinine

Tree bark

48
Q

List the 2 major body sites for malarial infection.

A

Liver and red blood cells

49
Q

How do humans acquire toxoplasma gondii?

A

From handling cat fecies

50
Q

Is HIV RNA or DNA?

51
Q

What rare cancer is remarkably high in AIDS patients?

A

Kaposi’s Sarcoma due to re activation of the herpes virus 8

52
Q

What does the drug Zidovudine treat? How does it work.

A

Fights aids through reverse transcriptase inhibition.

53
Q

What is a retrovirus?

A

A virus that has the enzyme reverse transcriptase which can synthesize a double strand of DNA from a single strand of RNA.

54
Q

What is the receptor for HIV attachment to cells and which cells have
this receptor?

A

The T-cell receptor in CD4 cells

55
Q

What enzyme can be useful in breaking down clots in the heart attack patient?

A

Streptokinase

56
Q

Name 2 genera of organisms used to make sauerkraut.

A

Leuconostoc

Lactobacillus

57
Q

What organisms produce yogurt?

A

Lactobacillus

Streptococcus thermophilus

58
Q

Sometimes microbes will grow on dead algae in a body of water and then use up all of the oxygen in the water. What is this called?

59
Q

The ocean is divided into 3 zones, name them for the following regions:

  1. Near the shoreline
  2. The general ocean floor
  3. The trenches
A
  1. Littoral zone
  2. Benthic zone
  3. Abyssal zone
60
Q

What is BOD?

A

Biochemical Oxygen Demand - the rate at which microbes remove oxygen from water

61
Q

What is the purpose of alum in water purification?

A

Alum forms a gel that microbes and particles stick to as the gel settles out and removes them.

62
Q

What have we learned from the use of DDT?

A

That it is important to use pesticides that are broken down quickly.

63
Q

What is a mutualistic colony of algae and fungi?

64
Q

What digests the cellulose from wood in termites?

65
Q

What type of organism produces methane?

Microbiology (9 decks)

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