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Microbiology > Ch.11-12 > Flashcards

Ch.11-12 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the #1 infectious bacterium in the world?

A

Chlamydia

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2
Q

What bacterium causes gonorrhea?

How many hosts does this bacteria grow in?

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Only grows in humans

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3
Q

Is Neisseria gonorrhoeae gram negative or positive?

What is its morphology?

A

Gram negative

Bean shaped pairs of cocci

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4
Q

How is gonorrhea treated?

A

Penicillin or ceftriaxone

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5
Q

Describe the 3 stages of syphilis:
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary

A

Primary: chancre full of organisms
Secondary: rash on palms and feet, with fluid full of organisms
Tertiary: “gumma” - auto immune response that causes destruction of soft tissue of bone, heart, brain, and internal viscera.

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6
Q

How is syphilis treated?

A

Penicillin for the primary and secondary phases.

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7
Q

About 20 years after a syphilis infection, a group of mental illnesses can develop. What is this called?

A

general paresis

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8
Q

What percentage of syphilis infections are asymptomatic?
Males:
Females:

A

Males: 30%
Females: 70%

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9
Q

What are the 2 primary sexually transmitted viruses that affect the urogenital tract?

A

herpes simplex virus 2 - HSV-2

human papilloma virus - HPV

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10
Q

What is acyclovir used to treat?

A

Herpes

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11
Q

What disease does Treponema pallidum cause?

What is its morphology?

A

Syphilis

Spiral-shaped

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12
Q

What virus causes genital warts?

A

HPV (human papilloma virus)

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13
Q

Amphotericin B, ketoconazole, and fluconazole may all be used to treat what condition?

A

Candidiasis (yeast infection)

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14
Q

What is trichomoniasis?

A

A urogenital disease affecting both men and women, caused by the protozoan “Trichomonas vaginalis”

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15
Q

What is a common name for vulvovaginitis?

A

Yeast infection or candidiasis

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16
Q

Staph. aureus has a surface protien which accepts one end of human antibodies, essentially disguising it from the human immune system. What is this protein called?

A

Protein A

17
Q

What is the common name for Hansen’s disease?

A

Leprosy

18
Q

What is the primary antibiotic used to treat leprosy?

A

dapsone

19
Q

What animal is a source of anthrax seen in the United States?

A

Cattle

20
Q

How fast does M. leprae grow?

A

Very slowly, with a possible incubation time of 2-10 years before symptoms appear.

21
Q

Besides humans, what is the only other mammal known to get leprosy?

A

9-banded armadillo (Texas)

22
Q

What does the organism C. perfringens cause?

A

Gas Gangrene

23
Q

What species of Staphylococcus is coagulase positive?

A

S. aureus

24
Q

What % of people in the hospital are carriers of staphylococci?

A

30-50%

25
Q

How temperature stable is S. aureus?

A

It is not killed by either freezing or food-warming temps.

26
Q

What year was smallpox eradicated?

A

1977

27
Q

What is the term used to describe an animal with with rabies that has pain when swallowing and will therefore refuse to even look at water and will drool?

A

Hydrophobia

28
Q

Is a post exposure rabies vaccination effective?

A

Yes, due to the very slow travel rate of the virus.

29
Q

Brain tissue of an animal infected with rabies will show black inclusions called …..

A

Negri Bodies

30
Q

What causes warts?

A

papilloma viruses

31
Q

Approx. what % of people are infected with HSV-1?

A

95%

32
Q

What virus is strongly associated with Kaposi’s Sarcoma?

A

HHV-8

Human Herpes Virus 8

33
Q

__________ ___________ is a latent infection of the eye, causing sharp pain, sensitivity to light, and vision loss. May require cornea replacement.

A

Herpes keratitis

34
Q

Where do herpes viruses replicate?

A

In a cells nucleus.

35
Q

What are the primary and recurrent diseases of HSV-1?

A

Primary: gingivostomatitis
Recurrent: herpes labialis

36
Q

Skin diseases caused by fungus are called:

The fungi that cause the diseases are called:

A

mycoses

dermatophytes

37
Q

What is candidiasis referred to when it occurs in the mouth?

A

Thrush or “oral thrush”

38
Q

Rose thorn disease is a common name for which infection?

A

Sporotrichosis

Microbiology (9 decks)

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