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structure and function of the body > ch1 intro to structure and function > Flashcards

ch1 intro to structure and function Flashcards

1
Q

head feet

A

superior inferior

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2
Q

front back

A

anterior posterior

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3
Q

middle side

A

medial lateral

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4
Q

near far

A

proximal distal

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5
Q

surface below-surface

A

superficial deep

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6
Q

toward the head
above
on top

A

superior

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7
Q

toward the feet

below

A

inferior

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8
Q

front

in front of

A

anterior

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9
Q

back

in back of

A

posterior/dorsal

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10
Q

toward the midline, middle of the body

big toe, heart

A

medial

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11
Q

toward the side

little toe, lungs

A

lateral

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12
Q

toward or nearest the trunk of the body
near insertion site
site of origin

A

proximal

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13
Q

away from or furthest from the trunk

farthest from point of origin of a body part

A

distal

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14
Q

near the surface

A

superficial

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15
Q

deeper within the body

farther away from body surface

A

deep

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16
Q

anatomic position

A

reference position gives meaning to directional terms

standing posture w arms to the sides and palms forward. head and feet also point forward

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17
Q

right and left sides

A

sagittal plane

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18
Q

upper and lower portions

divides at the umbilicus

A

transverse plan

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19
Q

divides front and back portions

anterior and posterior

A

frontal/coronal plane

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20
Q

the body is divided into 2 major cavities

A

dorsal body cavity

ventral body cavity

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21
Q

upper part of the ventral cavity

A

thoracic cavity
mediastinum
pleural cavities L&R

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22
Q

separates the thoracic cavity and dorsal cavity

A

diaphragm

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23
Q

lower part of the ventral cavity

A

abdominal cavity
pelvic cavity
Abdominopelvic cavity*

24
Q

upper abdominopelvic region

A

right and let hypochondriac regions

epigastric region

25
Q

middle abdominopelvic regions

A

right and left lumbar regions

umbilical region

26
Q

lower abdominopelvic region

A

right and left iliac/inguinal regions

hypogastric region

27
Q

microscopic levels

A 
Chemical level
  atoms
  molecules
  protein filaments
Cell level (smallest living unit)
Tissue level
28
Q

gross levels

A

Organ level

Organ System level

29
Q

skin, nails, hair

A

integumentary system

30
Q

bones and joints

A

skeletal system

31
Q

muscles

A

muscular system

32
Q

brain, spinal cord, n

A

nervous system

33
Q

glands, pancreas

A

endocrine system

34
Q

heart, blood vessels

A

cardiovascular/circulatory system

35
Q

l nodes, spleen, tonsils

A

lymphatic system

36
Q

nose, trachea, lungs

A

respiratory system

37
Q

mouth, stomach, rectum, teeth, liver,

A

digestive system

38
Q

kidneys, ureters, bladder

A

urinary system

39
Q

genitals, ovaries

A

reproductive system

40
Q

organ systems

A 
integumentary
skeletal
muscular
nervous
endocrine
cardiovascular/circulatory
lymphatic
respiratory
digestive
urinary
reproductive male/female
41
Q

4 quadrants

A

RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ

right left upper lower

42
Q

2 largest cavities in the body

A

dorsal cavity and ventral cavity

43
Q

ventral cavity

A

subdivided into thoracic cavity abdominopelvic cavity

44
Q

thoracic cavity has…

A

mediastinum w/heart and pleural cavities w/lungs

45
Q

abdominal cavity has…

A 
stomach
intestines
liver
gallbladder
pancreas spleen
46
Q

pelvic cavity has…

A

reproductive organs
urinary bladder
lowest part of the intestine

47
Q

abdominopelvic cavity is divided into

A

4 quadrants and 9 regions

48
Q

dorsal cavity

A

cranial cavity w/brain and spinal cavity w/spinal cord

49
Q

2 main body regions is

A

axial region w/head, neck, torso or trunk
and the
appendicular region w/upper and lower extremities
ex: UE-upper extremities
LLE-lower left extremites
RUE…
bilaterally

50
Q

atrophy

A

decrease in size when an organ is not used

51
Q

homeostasis

A

survival depends on it

relative constancy of the internal environment

52
Q

ureters

A

from the kidneys to the bladder
12 inches long, smooth muscle
transports urine from the kidneys to the bladder

53
Q

urethra

A

connects the bladder to the genitals for urinary removal

54
Q

towards the head
vs
towards the tail/coccyx

A

cranial vs caudal

55
Q

cephalocaudal

A

head to tail

top to bottom

structure and function of the body (15 decks)

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