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Biochemistry Exam 4 > Ch's 1, 2 & 3 > Flashcards

Ch's 1, 2 & 3 Flashcards

1
Q

64,000

.021

A
  1. 4 x 10^4

2. 1 x x 10^-2

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2
Q

Density =

A

mass/volume (typically g/cm^3 or g/mL

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3
Q

specific gravity =

A

density of sample / density of water (UNITLESS!!!!)

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4
Q

Tf =

A

Tf = 1.8 (Tc) + 32

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5
Q

K =

A

Tc + 273

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6
Q

1 K =

A

1 C

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7
Q

Boiling point of water in F, C, and K

A

212F, 100C, 373K

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8
Q

Normal body temp in F, C, and K

A

98.6F, 37C, 310K

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9
Q

Freezing point of water in F, C, and K

A

32F, 0C, 273K

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10
Q

energy of motion (examples)

A

kinetic energy

swimming, water flowing over dam, working out

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11
Q

_____ is energy stored for use at a later time. It
is determined by the position of an object or the
chemical composition of a substance. Examples?

A

Potential energy

are the following:
• water at the top of a dam
• a compressed spring
• chemical bonds in gasoline, coal, or food

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12
Q

____ is the energy associated with the movement of particles.

The ___ the particles move, the greater the heat or thermal energy of the substance.

Given an ice cube, as heat is added, the H2O molecules
• that are moving slowly increase their motion.
• eventually have enough energy to change the ice cube from a solid to a liquid.

A

Heat

faster

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13
Q

The ____ is defined as the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1 °C.

A

calorie

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14
Q

Nutritionists burn food in a ____ that

  • is used to measure heat transfer.
  • consists of a steel container filled with oxygen and a measured amount of water.
  • indicates the heat gained by water, which is the heat lost by a sample during combustion.

In a calorimeter, the burning of a food sample increases the temperature of the water, which is used to calculate the energy value of the food.

A

calorimeter

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15
Q

_____ from burning a food sample in a calorimeter is used to determine the energy value for the food.

A

Heat released

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16
Q

1 Cal =

A

1000 calories

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17
Q

A measure of toxicity which is the concentration of the substance that causes death in 50% of the test animals

A

LD50

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18
Q

dosage is typically measure in:

A

mg/kg
mcg/kg

LD50 of caffeine is 192mg/kg (slow down Calvin)

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19
Q

density =

A

mass of a substance / volume of a substance

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20
Q

specific gravity =

A

density of sample / density of water

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21
Q

specific gravity

A

relationship of a substance and the density of water

is calculated by dividing the density of a sample by the density of water, which is 1.00 g/ mL at 4 deg C

UNITLESS!

22
Q

Normal range of temperatures for human:

A

100.4 to 96.8 (average of 98.6)

23
Q

hypothermia in human

A

95

24
Q

hyperthermia in human

A

105.8 (death possibly impending)

25
Q

On Celsius scale there are ___ degrees between boiling and freezing points

A

100

26
Q

On Fahreneit scale there are ____ degrees between boiling and freezing points

A

180

27
Q

Scientists have learned that the coldest temperature possible is:

A

-273 deg C

0K

28
Q

absolute zero

A

0 K (-273 deg C)

29
Q

freezing point of water

A

32 deg F
0 deg C
273 deg K

30
Q

normal body temp

A

98.6 deg F
37 deg C
310 K

31
Q

boiling point of water

A

212 deg F
100 deg C
373 K

32
Q

the number obtained by counting

A

exact number

33
Q

a part of the name of a metric unit that precedes the base unit and specifies the size of the measurement

A

prefix

34
Q

a ratio in which the numerator and denominator are quantities from an equality

A

conversion factor

35
Q

the relationship between two units that measure the same quantity

A

equality

36
Q

the digits recorded in a measurement

A

significant figures (degree of accuracy)

37
Q

the number obtained when a quantity is determined by using a measure device

A

measured number

38
Q

the relationship of the mass of an object specified to its volume expressed as grams per cubic centimeter or grams per milliliter

A

density

39
Q

the relationship between the density of a substance and the density of water

A

specific gravity

40
Q

the ability to do work

A

energy

41
Q

the SI unit of energy

A

Joule

42
Q

the energy of motion

A

kinetic energy

43
Q

the amount of heat that raises the temp of exactly 1 gram of water exactly 1 deg Celsius

A

calorie

44
Q

a change in physical properties of a substance with no change in its identity

A

physical change

45
Q

a type of energy that is stored for future use

A

potential energy

46
Q

1000 cal

A

kilocalorie

47
Q

raise 1 gram of water by 1 deg celsius

A

calorie

48
Q

the nutritional calorie

A

Cal

49
Q

Cal =

A

1 kcal, or 1000 calories

50
Q

the energy content of a food is the sum of kilocalories or kilojoules from….

A

carbs, fat, protein

51
Q

when a substance is burned in a calorimeter, the water that surrounds the reaction chamber absorbs the heat given off. What is calculated?

A

The heat absorbed by the water is calculated, and the energy content for the substance (energy per gram) is determined

Biochemistry Exam 4 (19 decks)

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