CH 9 Work and Labour in the New Millenium (TERMS)

Question 1

Global Elite (1,1)

Answer 1

• 1st tier of Guy Standing’s global classes

Rich due to expansion of global market, financialization

Question 2

Salariat (1,2)

Answer 2

• 2nd tier of Guy Standing’s global classes

1. Stable employment with benefits
2. Government or corporate employees

Question 3

Proficians (1,3)

Answer 3

• 3rd tier of Guy Standing’s global classes

1. Combines professional and technical skills
2. Individuals who work on contracts, but earn high incomes
3. At risk for falling into a lower socio-economic

Question 4

Manual Employees (1,2)

Answer 4

• 4th tier of Guy Standing’s global classes

1. The old working class
2. Have some social protections due to the labour movement, but this group is shrinking due to deindustrialization

Question 5

The Precariat (1,5)

Answer 5

• 5th tier of Guy Standing’s global classes

1. Employed on short term contracts
2. No jobs or wage security
3. No social benefits
4. No occupational identity
5. Work-for-labour that is not remunerated (ex. frequently applying for jobs)

Question 6

Atavists (1,4)

Answer 6

• Precariat

1. Fallen from old working families
2. Not much education
3. Susceptible to fascist populist discourses that blame migrants
4. Refugees and foreigners for lack of job opportunities

Question 7

Nostalgics (1,2)

Answer 7

• Precariat

1. Migrant minorities who are deprived of a home and sense of belonging
2. Mostly not politically active

Question 8

Progressives (1,4)

Answer 8

• Precariat

1. People with post-secondary education who were promised this would grant them a career
2. In debt
3. Unlikely to support populists or old parties
4. Searching for a new ‘political paradise’

Question 9

Gig economy

Answer 9

Procurement of contract labourers for short-term assignments, often aided by technology

Question 10

Sharing economy

Answer 10

Hybrid system of exchange where consumers interact with one another online and in-person to exchange goods at optimal savings and efficiency

Question 11

Second Shift

Answer 11

The phenomenon whereby women work one shift in paid employment and return home to a second shift of domestic labour and childcare

Question 12

Motherhood penalty and fatherhood premium

Answer 12

Women are penalized in wages for having children, men are rewarded.