Ch. 9 Vocab Flashcards
The uniform planting of a single crop.
Monoculture
Work of cultivating, harvesting, storing, and distributing crops preformed by human and animal muscle power, along with hand tools and simple machines.
Traditional Agriculture
Enabled farmers to replace horses and oxen with faster and more powerful means of cultivating, harvesting, transporting, and processing crops; Uses large-scale mechanization and fossil fuels to boost yields also uses pesticides, irrigation, and fertilizers
Industrial agriculture
Introduced new technology, crop varieties, and farming practices to the developing world.
Green Revolution
The base geological material in a particular location.
Parent Material
The continuous mass of solid rock that makes up Earths crust.
Bedrock
Each layer of soil.
Horizon
The physical, chemical, and biological processes that convert large rock particles into smaller particles; Processes that form soil
Weathering
The cross section as a whole, from surface to bedrock.
Soil profile
The process where solid particles dissolve in liquid and are transported to another location; Moves through the Horizon.
Leaching
The removal of material from one place and it’s transport toward another by the action of wind or water.
Erosion
Inorganic and organic material most nutritive for plants.
Top Soil
A form of land degradation in which more than 10% of productivity is lost as a result of erosion, soil compaction, forest removal, overgrazing, drought, salinization, climate change, water depletion, and other factors.
Desertification
Farmers alternate the type of crop grown in a given field from one season or year to the next.
Crop Rotation
Plowing perpendicular across a hill, which prevents rills and gullies.
Contour Farming
