Ch. 4 Vocab Flashcards
Both species benefit
Mutualism
Competition between members of the same species
Intraspecific competition
Competition between members of 2 or more species
Interspecific competition
A relationship in which one organism benefits while the other is harmed.
Parasitism
Animals feed on the tissues of plants
Herbivory
A relationship in which one organism is harmed while the other is unaffected
Amensalism
A relationship in which one organism benefits, while the other remains unaffected
Commensalism
A series of feeding relationships
Food chain
A species that plays a vital role in the ecosystem
Keystone species
Predators at high trophic levels indirectly affect populations at low trophic levels
Trophic cascade
The predictable series of changes in a community following a disturbance
Succession
Disturbance that leaves only rock
Primary succession
The first species to colonize an area
Pioneer species
A disturbance dramatically alters, but does not destroy, all local organisms; Leaves soil intact.
Secondary succession
Non-native (exotic) organisms that spread widely and become dominant in a community
Invasive species
A species that signals an environmental problem
Indicator species
What happens to an ecosystem when a keystone species is removed
the other organisms are affected and sometimes food chains collapse
What biome has a good amount of precipitation and cold temps
Boreal/tyga forest
What biome has a moderate amount of rain and hot temps
Savanna
What happens to an ecosystem when a non native species is introduced
They crowd out the native species because they have no natural predators
If there is 2000 Kcal of energy at the producer level in an ecosystem, how much energy is on the herbivore level
200 Kcal
Name 3 Abiotic factors
Rainfall
Temperature
Sunlight
What is a detritivore
An organism that scavenges the wast products or dead bodies of other organisms
Describe what changes occur in an ecosystem after a disturbance that leaves soil intact
Grass comes in, them shrubs, small trees, and then tall trees
What is a climax community
The end of succession; A relatively stable state for an ecosystem
What biome have very little rain and hot temps
Desert
Trophic Cascade
Collapse of the food chain
Where does energy go as it travels up the food chain
It goes up
What is the order of the Food Chain
Primary Producers-----Decomposers of to the side Primary Consumers Secondary Consumers Tertiary Consumers Quaternary Consumers
