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Human Biology > Ch 9 Practice > Flashcards

Ch 9 Practice Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Ventilation has ____ phases.

A

2

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2
Q 
Select all of the following that describe inspiration:
A. Pressure in lungs decreases
B. Pressure in lungs increases
C. Rib cage moves up and out
D. Diaphragm contracts and moves down.
A

A. Pressure in lungs decreases
C. Rib cage moves up and out
D. Diaphragm contracts and moves down.

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3
Q

What is the order of structures in from which air enters the body to the terminal location of air in the lungs?

A 
1 Nasal cavity
2 Pharynx
3 Larynx
4 Bronchus
5 Bronchioles
6 Alveoli
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4
Q

What occurs when the respiratory center stops sending nerve signals to the diaphragm and the rib cage?

A

Muscles relax and expiration occurs

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5
Q

The exchange of gases between air in the alveoli and blood in the pulmonary capillaries is called ________ respiration.

A

External

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6
Q

Select all of the following that describes the respirator control center:
A. Located in the medulla oblongata
B. Automatically controls depth of breathing
C. Automatically controls rate of breathing
D. Automatically changes osmotic pressure in the tissues

A

A. Located in the medulla oblongata
B. Automatically controls depth of breathing
C. Automatically controls rate of breathing

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7
Q

Gas exchange that occurs between the tissues of the body and the blood is called:

A

Internal respiration

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8
Q

Which of the following describes the vocal chords?
A. Vibrates and produces sound
B. Located in larynx
C. Mucosal folds supported by elastic ligaments
D. Pushes food down toward stomach

A

A. Vibrates and produces sound
B. Located in larynx
C. Mucosal folds supported by elastic ligaments

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9
Q

Sounds are being made by air moving through an opening in the larynx called the ________.

A

Glottis

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10
Q

The ______ are the smallest compartments of the lungs.

A

Alveoli

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11
Q

Select all of the following that describes expiration:
A. Pressure in the lungs increases
B. Internal intercostal muscles pull the ribs inward
C. Diaphragm relaxes and moves up
D. Rib cage moves down and in
E. Pressure in the lungs decreases

A

A. Pressure in the lungs increases
B. Internal intercostal muscles pull the ribs inward
C. Diaphragm relaxes and moves up
D. Rib cage moves down and in

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12
Q

The cartilaginous organ between the pharynx and the trachea, which contains the vocal chords in humans is called the ________.

A

Larynx

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13
Q

What is the surgical procedure used to make an unblocked breathing passage in the neck?

A

Tracheostomy

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14
Q

Breathing is under ______ control and ______ control

A

Nervous, chemical

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15
Q

In what structures does inhaled air complete its path to the lungs?

A

Alveoli

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16
Q

What is the respiratory passage that leads directly into the lung?

A

Bronchus

17
Q

Which of the following are symptoms of sinusitis?
A. Facial pain that worsens when a patient bends forward
B. Postnasal discharge
C. Pan and tenderness usually over the lower forehead
D. Pain and tenderness in the jaw

A

A. Facial pain that worsens when a patient bends forward
B. Postnasal discharge
C. Pan and tenderness usually over the lower forehead

18
Q

The windpipe is also called the _____.

A

Trachea

19
Q

The bronchi branch and divide into smaller passageways called ______.

A

Bronchioles

20
Q 
Select all of the following that can cause pneumonia:
A. Plants
B. Fungi
C. Bacteria
D. Viruses
A

B. Fungi
C. Bacteria
D. Viruses

21
Q

How does the respiratory control center respond when the pH of the blood becomes more acidic?

A

It increases the rate and depth of breathing

22
Q

Rank the order of physiological events that occur when you hold your breath, first to last.

A
  1. Forced inspiration
  2. Stretch receptor signaling
  3. Inhibitory signal to respiratory center
  4. Signal to inspiration halted
23
Q

Te portion of the respiratory system that connects the oral cavity to the larynx is the:

A

Pharynx

24
Q

Ventilation includes which of the following:
A. Inspiration
B. Transport of gases from tissues to lungs
C. Transport of gases from lungs to tissues
D. Expiration

A

A. Inspiration

D. Expiration

25
Q

What is the purpose of cartilage rings in the trachea?

A

To keep the trachea open; prevents is from collapsing

26
Q

Which of the following describes chronic bronchitis?
A. Airways are dry or dessicated
B. Airways are inflamed
C. Muscle spasms in the bronchioles
D. Loss of cilia and their normal cleansing action
E. Airways are filled with mucus

A

B. Airways are inflamed
D. Loss of cilia and their normal cleansing action
E. Airways are filled with mucus

27
Q

The majority of oxygen is carried through the body bound to _______.

A

Hemoglobin

28
Q

A streptococcus pyrogens infection is a common example of a(n) ______ ________ infection.

A

Upper respiratory

29
Q

Irritants can cause smooth muscle spasms in the bronchioles called a(n) ______ attack.

A

Asthma

30
Q

Air is _____, ______, and ______ as it enters the human respiratory system.

A

Filtered, warmed, humidified

31
Q

What volume describes a forced inspiration of the maximum amount of air?

A

Inspiratory reserve volume

32
Q

What is the purpose of the hair located in the nasal cavity?

A

Filter the air

33
Q

After carbon dioxide diffuses into the blood, most enters the red blood cells, where a small amount is taken up by hemoglobin, forming

A

Carbaminohemoglobin

34
Q

What are symptoms of a middle ear infection?

A
  • Sense of fullness
  • Vertigo
  • Pain
  • Hearing loss
35
Q

The breakdown of carbonic acid to form bicarbonate ions occurs in the _______.

A

Red blood cells

36
Q

The two cone-shaped organs on either side of the heart in the thoracic cavity are the ______.

A

Lungs

37
Q

The respiratory disorder that permanently decreases the surface area for gas exchange in the lungs is called:

A

Emphysema

38
Q 
What descriptors define pleurisy?
A. Inflammation of bronchioles
B. A loss of surface tension
C. A bacterial or fungal infection
D. Inflammation of the lung membranes
E. Painful breathing and coughing
A

D. Inflammation of the lung membranes

E. Painful breathing and coughing

39
Q 
Which of the following pertains to inflamed, enlarged tonsils?
A. Sinusitis
B. Otitis media
C. Tonsillitis
D.  Laryngitis
A

C. Tonsillitis

Human Biology (30 decks)

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