Ch 14 Homework Flashcards
Integration must occur for all ______ signals to be summed before sensory receptors ______ nerve signals.
Incoming, initiate
Sensory adaptation, one specific type of integration, is a(n) ______ in response to a stimulus.
Decrease
An example of this type of integration allows for humans to stop responding to a stimulus that isn’t of ______ importance.
Immediate
Nocireceptors are pain receptors located ______.
In internal organs
They are sensitive to ______ released by damaged tissues.
Chemicals
These receptors may react to signals initiated by mechanical, thermal, or electric stimuli as well as ______ substances.
Toxic
The ______, with the help of the lens and the humors, focuses images on the ______.
Cornea, retina
Visual ______ occurs for close vision, as the lens changes its shape to bring the image into ______.
Accomodation, focus
The changes in the lens are brought on by contraction of the ______.
Ciliary muscle
The human retina contains photoreceptors called rods and cones. Rod cells contain a complex, dark violet-colored pigment called ______.
Rhodopsin
This complex molecule is composed of two molecules: a light-absorbing molecule called retinal and a protein called ______. Retinal is a derivative of vitamin A.
Opsin
We see ______ in the dark because rods are sensitive to light but do not detect color. Cones are sensitive to different ______ of light and are important in color vision and fine detail.
Shades of gray, wavelengths
Cones contain three different pigments: B9blue), G (green), and ______. Each of these pigments is made up of retinal and an opsin.
R (red)
Both rod and cone cells synapse with the ______ cells, which in turn synapse with ganglion cells whose axons become the ______ nerve.
Bipolar, optic
