CH 9 BIOMOLECULES Flashcards
Which solution was used in Chemical Analysis of a tissue
Trichloroacetic acid
The acid soluble pool is also k/a
Filtrate
The acid insoluble pool is also k/a
Retentate
Size of the Biomicromolecule
18 - 800 Dalton
Which is the most abundant Biomolecule in the body?
Protein 10 - 15%
Name two alkaloids
Morphine and Codeine
Name two toxins
Abrin and Ricin
Name two toxins
Abrin and Ricin
Name two Drugs
Vinblastin and Curcumin
Name Lectins
Concanavalin A
____ are not strictly Biomolecules
Lipids
Carbohydrates are mainly compounds of
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
Monosaccharide units are joined by which bond
Glycosidic Bond
How many Carbon atom are Present in a Monosaccharide
3 to 7 carbon atom
Trehalose is present in
Haemolymph of Insect
Name a sugar alcohol and it is present in ________
Mannitol, Brown Algae
Deoxyribose is formed by removal of ___ from __ carbon
Oxygen,
2nd Carbon
The most abundant Protein in the biosphere is
RuBiSCO Ribulose Bisphosphate Carboxylase Oxygenase
The most abundant Protein in the body is
Collagen
A protein is a heteropolymer/ homopolymer
Heteropolymer
Name the structures of Proteins
Primary Structure
Secondary Structure
Tertiary Structure
Quaternary Structure
Proteins are most Active in which Structure
Tertiary Structure
Which Structure carries positional information about the protein
Primary Structure
Proteins only show ___ handed Helix
Right
Myoglobin is a protein found in _______ and has ______ Structure
Muscle Cell
Tertiary Structure
Basic unit of a Nucleic Acid is ____
Nucleotide
What are the different types of Inhibition
- Competitive
- Non Competitive
- Allosteric/ Feedback
Name the 6 Classes of Enzyme in order
- Oxidoreductase
- Transferase
- Hydrolases
- Lyases
- Isomerases
- Ligases
Which is the largest RNA and constitutes 80% of the RNA
r RNA
The most common steroid in the human body is _______.
Its precursor is______
- Cholesterol
- Acetic Acid
RNA is the genetic material for
TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS (TMV)
The most common model of DNA is
Watson - Crick Model
RNA is usually single stranded except in the case of
- Reovirus
- Rice Dwarf Virus
Enzymes are also k/a
Biocatalyst
Amino acids are also k/a
Substituted methane
The semi essential amino aids are
Histidine (Heterocyclic Amino acid)
Arginine (Basic Amino Acids)
The 1st amino acid is k/a __ terminal Amino acid and the last amino acid is k/a _ Terminal amino acid
N TO C
_____ is a protein of natural silk
Fibroin
All Enzymes are ___in nature except
Ribozyme and Ribonuclease P.
When the Product is at a lower level than Substrate it is an _____ Reaction
Exothermic Reaction
When the Product is at higher level than substrate then it is an __________ reaction
Endothermic
The enzyme used in conversion of CO2 and H2O to Carbonic Acid
Carbonic Anhydrase
What are the two Hypotheses of Enzyme and who gave them?
- LOCK and KEY model by Emil Fischer in 1894
- Induced Fit or Hand Glove Model by Koshland in 1960
Enzyme/_____ contain _________ and _________
- Holoenzyme
- Protein part k/a APOENZYME
- Non Protein part k/a Co Factor
Sulpha Drugs inhibit the synthesis of ____ in Bacteria
Folic Acid
the actual substrate is PABA Para Amino Benzoic Acid
High Temperature destroys Enzyme by causing their
Denaturation
The external supply of energy required to start a reaction is
Activation Energy
Which is the protein that carries glucose into the cell
GLUT 4
What is an Active Site?
Active site of an Enzyme is a crevice or a pocket onto which the substrate fits
Living Process is a constant effort to attain equilibrium.
True or False
False
Living process is a constant effort to prevent attaining equilibrium
Immunoglobins or antibodies are produced by
B lymphocytes
Insulin hormone is secreted by
beta cells of islets of Langerhans of Pancreas
The backbone of DNA is made up of
Sugar and Phosphate
Sugar + Nitrogenous base = ________.
the bond is ______
Nucleoside
Glycosidic Bond
The nucleoside is linked to the Phosphate group by _______ bond and it forms ______
Ester Bond
Nucleotide
Adenine and Thymine have ____hydrogen bond
Two
Guanine and Cytosine have _____ hydrogen Bond
Three
Sugar + Adenine = _______ + Phosphate Group =_________
- Adenosine
- Adenylic Acid
Zwitterion is a _______ ion derived, which is German for
- dipolar ion
- Hermaphrodite or Hybrid
The exoskeleton of arthropods is made up of
Chitin which is a homopolymer of N acetyl glucosamine
Starch gives _____ color with iodine
Blue
Peptidoglycan contains
N acetyl Glucosamine and N acetyl Muramic Acid
Hyaluronic acid contains
D N acetyl Glucosamine and D glucuronic acid
Cellulose is composed of
beta Glucose
IUB stands for
International Union of Biochemistry
EC stands for
Enzyme Commission
____ is a co factor for the proteolytic enzyme Carboxypeptidase
zinc
___ is the cofactor for the enzyme salivary amylase
Chlorine
All digestive Enzymes fall in which class
Hydrolases
Cellulose has how many beta glucose residues
6000
Glucose is universal sugar. Other Name of Glucose includes
Dextrose
Grape sugar
Corn Sugar
The sweetest naturally occurring sugar is_______. It is also k/a
Fructose
Levulose or Fruit Sugar
DNA with left handed coiling is called as
Z DNA
Casein of milk is a
Phosphoprotein
An example of Lipoprotein is
Chylomicron
An Example of metalloprotein is
Ferritin
When Glutamic Acid is replaced by Valine it causes
Sickle cell Anemia
