Ch 8 Routes of drug administration Flashcards
What are the 6 rights of drug administration
*PDART* Right: 1. Patient 2.Drug 3. Amount 4. Route 5. Time 6. Charting/ documentation
How many times do you need to ensure the drug is correct?
3 times
Can patient’s refuse medication?
Yes
In bill of rights
Can you ever use an unlabeled or expired drug?
No, reason why you check 3 times
Name the routes of drug administration?
- Oral
- Sublingual
- Rectal
- Topical
- Parenteral
What is the safest , most convenient way of giving medication?
Oral
Does the parental route allow for retrieval in cases of overdose?
no
Name an advantage and disadvantage or oral route drug administration
Advantage:
- safest method
- Easy retrieval of drug
Disadvantages:
- Bad odor/ taste
- harm teeth
- cause nausea
Drug applied directly onto skin or mucous is termed: ____
Topical
Ex: lotion Cream Gel Ointment
Name an advantage of rectal route of drug administration
Avoids irritation of upper GI tract
Name a disadvantage of rectal route
unpredictable retention of drugs
Route that is administered by injection
Parenteral route
What are the most common methods of parenteral
- Intradermal
- Subcutaneous
- Intramuscular
- Intravenous
- Intraarterial
name an adverse reaction to the parenteral route
- Abscess
2. Necrosis
Injection made into the upper layers of skin, parallel to skin surface is termed ____.
Intradermal
- 26-27 Gauge needle
Injection made below the skin is termed _____.
Subcutaneous
@ 45-60 degree angle
25 gauge needle
What injection is used when the drug is too irritating to be subcutaneous?
Intramuscular
90 degree angle
21-23 Gauge
What are the 3 types of suspensions that can be injected via intamuscular
- Aqueous solution
- Aqueous suspension
- Solution or suspension of oil
name a reason that can cause pain of IM injections
- Stretching of tissue
What vein is on the medial anterior forearm?
Basilic vein
What vein is on the lateral anterior forearm
Cephalic vein
Where do the basilic and cephalic veins meet?
in the median cubital vein in the Antecubital space
anterior recess of elbow
Why must an IV be “primed”
to ensure that air does not get into the veins
Drug and or blood leakage into surrounding tissue is termed ______
Extravastation
aka : Infiltration
What must be charted when dealing with IV
- Drug name
- Drug dose
- Route of administration
- Date
- Time
- Injection site
- If starting an IV , chart the number of attempts
_____ results in vasocrontriction, tissue contraction and decreased secretions thereby counteracting inflammatory effects
Astringent
____ inhibits growth and development of microorganisms
Antiseptic or bacteriostatic
____ soothes and softens to overcome dryness and hardness
Emollient
____ is for the removal of dirt , debris, secretions or crust
Cleansing
____ is used to remove the sensation of pain
Anesthetic
____ is for the manifestations caused by allergic reactions
Antihistamine
When is topical absorption increased?
When the skin is thin
When oral method is unsuitable , what is the next safest drug administration route
rectal route
What is the most hazardous route by which to give a drug?
Parenteral
Where is the most common IV injection sites on the body?
Basilic or cephalic veins on the back of the hand
or
Basilic or cephalic veins in the antecubital space
What is the most common IV needle used by imaging technologist?
winged tip or butterfly set
