Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RT 472: pathology/ venipuncture > Ch. 10 > Flashcards

Ch. 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Unpleasant state of inner turmoil, often accompanied by nervous behavior

A

Anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Sudden, unexpected, intense attack of apprehension sometimes accompanied by physical symptoms

list the symptoms

A

panic disorder

  • Agitation
  • Tachycardia
  • Hypertension
  • SOB
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Psychological condition that consists of irrational fear, leading to avoidance

List symptoms:

A

Phobia

Nervousness
Fear
Palpitations
Choking \

*most common form =Claustrophobia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

fear of tight and enclosed spaces

*most common form of Phobia

A

Claustrophobia-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

List Basic physiologic responses in anxious or agitated patients

A

Tachycardia
Palpitations
Chest pain
GI distress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

True or false conscious sedation requires intubation (mechanical ventilation)

A

False: only general anesthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the difference between sedation and anesthesia

A

Dose of the sedative:

It is the same drug however conscious sedation is a lower dose in which the patient is relaxed and can tolerate the procedure where as general anesthesia is a higher dose that requires mechanical ventilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why is mechanical ventilators used with general anesthis

A

because all sedatives can make a patient stop breathing if the dose is too high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where does General anesthesia take place

A

In OR setting and anesthesiologist has to be present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Before considering conscious sedation what pt. information is needed

A
  1. HX, physical exam, height, weight
  2. List of current medications (including herbal)
  3. Any allergies
  4. Last oral intake
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why must one be NPO prior to surgery

A

In the case that a mechanical ventilation is needed patient could vomit and then possibly asperate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is needed before administering conscious sedation

A
  1. oxygen and pulse oximeter
  2. Airway equipment
  3. IV equipment
  4. Cardiac monitor
  5. Crash cart
  6. drug reversal agent
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name the 2 pharmacological reversal agents

A
  1. Flumazenil

2. Naloxone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What agents are used for conscious sedation

A
  1. Antianxiety:
    - Barbituate
    - Benzodiazepine
  2. Analgesics
  3. Opiate Analgesics
    - Morphine
    - fentanyl
    - Meperedine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Drug of choise to reverse antianxiety drug effects

A

Flumazenil ( IV)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

_____ are frequently used in combination with antianxiety drugs

A

analgesics

*by combining the 2, synergistic actions take place to relieve the painful anxiety

17
Q

_____ Stimulates CNS opiod receptors and cause a decrease in perception of pain

A

Opiate analgesics

  • dangerous because of synergistic effects
  • respiratory depression can occur
18
Q

Drug of choice that reverses the effects of Opiates

A

Naloxone

IV, IM, or entotrachially

19
Q

What is the difference between Nalaxone and Flumazenil

A

Naloxone is the drug of choice to reverse the effects of opiates where as
Flumazenil reverse the effects of antianxiety drugs

20
Q

____ is another name for nalaxone

A

narcan

21
Q

What does GABA stand for

A

Gamma-aminobutyric acid

22
Q

What is the mechanism of action of barbituates

A

Decreases cortical brain activity by facilitating GABA and depressing cerebral cortex activity

23
Q

_____ is used mostly in surgery and induces full anesthisa

  • list 2 major adverse effects
A

Thiopental

  1. Low blood pressure
  2. Apena
24
Q

____ is used mostly for brief procedures, and has extremely rapid onset

*given prior to surgery

A

methohexital

ex:
*cardioversions

25
Q

____ may be given to patients orally the night before and the morning of the procedure to keep them calm

A

Phenobarbitol

  • has less side effects and less adverse effects
26
Q

____ Facilitates GABA

A

Benzodiazepines

27
Q

Most widely used benzodiazepine for conscious sedation

A

midazolam

28
Q

____ mg of madazolam can not be exceeded for conscious sedation

A

10 mg

29
Q

list 3 adverse effects of benzodiazepines

A
  1. Hiccups
  2. GI upset
  3. Headache
30
Q

What are the main opiates

A
  1. Fentanyl
  2. Morphine
  3. Meperdine
31
Q

What are adverse effects of opiate analgesics

A
  1. Constipation
  2. Dizziness
  3. Excessice drowsiness

RT 472: pathology/ venipuncture (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions