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TERM 2 BIOL2192 PATHO 1 > CH 8 ANTIVIRALS ANTIMYCOTICS ANTIPARASITICS > Flashcards

CH 8 ANTIVIRALS ANTIMYCOTICS ANTIPARASITICS Flashcards

1
Q

Name 5 mechanisms of antiviral drugs

A
  1. Block penetration
  2. Block reverse transcription
  3. Prevent integration
  4. Block transcription/translation
  5. Prevent maturation
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2
Q

Name 2 groups of antiviral drugs that block penetration, and the viruses they treat

A
  1. Entry inhibitors (HSV, HIV)
  2. M2 protein inhibitors (Flu)
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3
Q

What does M2 protein do in viral penetration?

A

Forms a channel into the cell

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4
Q

Name 2 groups of antiviral drugs that block reverse transcription, and the viruses they treat

A
  1. Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (Hep B, HIV)
  2. Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (HIV)
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5
Q

Name 2 examples of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

A
  1. Azidothymidine (AZT)
  2. Lamivudine
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6
Q

What group of drugs blocks integration of HIV DNA?

A

Integrase inhibitors

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7
Q

Name 4 groups of antivirals that block transcription/translation, and the viruses they treat

A
  1. RNA polymerase inhibitors (Flu)
  2. Oligonucleotides (CMV)
  3. Nucleoside analogues (HSV, VZV, CMV, Hep B, RSV, HIV)
  4. Pyrophosphate analogues (CMV, HSV)
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8
Q

What is the purpose of RNA polymerase in viral replication?

A

Catalyzes mRNA formation

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9
Q

What is the action of oligonucleotides?

A

Causes transcription errors

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10
Q

What is the action of nucleoside analogues?

A

Take the place of nucleotides in viral DNA replication, causing chain termination

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11
Q

Name 2 examples of nucleoside analogues and the viruses they treat

A
  1. Acyclovir (HSV)
  2. Ribavirin (RSV)
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12
Q

What is the action of pyrophosphate analogues?

A

Inhibit DNA polymerase to stop viral genome replication

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13
Q

What group of antivirals prevents maturation, and what viruses do they treat?

A

Protease inhibitors (HIV, Hep C)

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14
Q

What is the purpose of protease in viral maturation?

A

Proteolysis and formation of new protein products

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15
Q

Which cytokine is used in Hep B & C to signal the body’s immune response?

A

Interferon

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16
Q

Which antiviral drug is used in HPV infections to signal the production of interferon?

A

Imiquimod

17
Q

Which group of antiviral drugs are used in flu infections to prevent cell lysis?

A

Neuraminidase inhibitors

18
Q

What blood product is used in VZV and RSV infections to signal phagocytosis of invaders?

A

Antibodies

19
Q

Which antiviral drugs act as antioxidants in HPV infections?

A

Sinecathechins

20
Q

Which antiviral drug is used in HPV to directly destroy infected cells?

A

Podofilox

21
Q

Name 2 groups of antimycotics

A
  1. Macrolide polyenes
  2. Synthetic azoles
22
Q

Name 2 examples of macrolide polyenes and their action

A
  1. Amphotericin B
  2. Nystatin

Mimic lipids: binds to fungal cell membrane causing leaky membranes

23
Q

Name 3 examples of synthetic azoles and their action

A
  1. Ketoconazole
  2. Clotrimazole
  3. Miconazole

Inhibit synthesis of fungal cell walls

24
Q

Which antimycotic inhibits mitosis of fungal cells and deposits in precursor cells of skin/hair/nails to provide resistance?

A

Griseofulvin

25
Q

Which antimycotic acts as an analog of cytosine to interfere with fungal DNA/RNA synthesis?

A

Flucytosine

26
Q

Name some examples of antimalarial drugs

A
  1. Quinine
  2. Chloroquinine
  3. Primaquine
  4. Mefloquine
27
Q

Name 4 examples of drugs used as antiparasytics

A
  1. Metronidazole (Flagyl)
  2. Quinicrine
  3. Sulfonamides
  4. Tetracyclines
28
Q

Which antihelmintic drugs inhibit function of microtubules and interfere with glucose utilization?

A
  1. Mebendazole
  2. Thiabendazole
29
Q

Which antihelminthic drugs paralyze muscles?

A
  1. Pyrantel
  2. Piperazine
30
Q

Which antihelmintic drug destroys the scolex of worms on contact?

A

Niclosamide

TERM 2 BIOL2192 PATHO 1 (11 decks)

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