Ch. 7 - Skeletal System (Axial) Flashcards
Bones that form within tendons in response to stress. Are not articulated with other bones
Sesamoid Bones
These are extra bones in the skull
Sutural bones
The body has this many bones (on average)
206
Children are born with this many bones (on average)
270
Tubular passage/tunnel in a bone
Canal
Narrow ridge in bone
Crest
A rounded knob on bone
Condyle
A flare superior to a condyle in bone
Epicondyle
A smooth joint surface
Facet
Slit through a bone
Fissure
A hole through a bone
Foramen
A shallow, elongated basin in bone
Fossa
Raised, elongated ridge in bone
Line
A canal in bone
Meatus
A bony prominent outgrowth
Process
Bony outgrowth/protruding part
Protuberance
Cavity within a bone
Sinus
Sharp, slender, narrow, linear process
spine
Groove for a tendon/nerve/blood vessel in bone
Sulcus
Small rounded process on bone
Tubercle
Rough surface on bone
Tuberosity
Joints that appear as seams on the skull surface
Sutures
The skull has this many bones
22
There are this many cavities of in the skull
6
These are the 6 cavities in the skull
Paranasal sinuses
Orbits
Nasal Cavity
Oral Cavity
Ear Cavities
Cranial Cavity
Cranial bones compose the
Cranium
The 3 membranes in the brain that protect the skull
Meninges
The 3 layers of the meninges
Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater
This hole in the skull allows the brain to meet the spinal cord
Foramen magnum
“dome of the top of the head”, Skullcap
Calvaria
The floor of the cranial cavity
base
This is the number of cranial bones
8
This cranial bone extends from the forehead to the coronal suture
Frontal bone
Right underneath the eyebrows on the frontal bone is the
Supraorbital margin
In the middle of each supraorbital margin is a
Supraorbital foramen
The smooth area just above the nose (forehead) is the
Glabella
These are the 8 cranial bones (and how many there are)
(only 2 are paired)
1 frontal bone
2 parietal bones
2 temporal bones
1 occipital bone
1 sphenoid bone
1 ethmoid bone
These bones of the skull form the cranial roof and part of its walls
Parietal bones
Each parietal bone is bordered by these 4 sutures
sagittal, coronal, lambdoid, and squamous
This bone of the skull forms the rear and part of its base
Occipital bone
The most distinguishing feature of the occipital bone is the
Foramen magnum
This bone of the skull is located between the eyes
Ethmoid bone
There are this many facial bones
14
These are the 14 facial bones and their numbers:
(all are paired except for 2)
MPZLNIVM
2 Maxillae
2 Palatine Bones
2 Zygomatic Bones
2 Lacrimal Bones
2 Nasal bones
2 Inferior Nasal Conchae
1 Vomer
1 Mandible
These facial bones make up the upper jaw
Maxillae
Maxillae are joined by this suture
Intermaxillary suture
The root of each tooth is placed into a deep socket called the
Alveolus
This is the strongest bone of the skull and the only one that can move significantly
Mandible
This part of the mandible meets with the temporal bone
Mandibular condyle
The junction between the temporal bone and mandible form this
Temporomandibular joint
There are this many bones associated with the skull but not a part of it
7
Of the 7 associated but not attached to the skull, these are found in the ear (3 in each ear)
Auditory Ossicles
Of the 7 associated but not attached to the skull, this bone is found below the mandible
Hyoid bone
These are the 3 auditory ossicles
stapes
malleus
incus
There are this many vertebrae in the vertebral column
33
There are this many intervertebral discs
23
These are the different kinds of vertebrae
Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral
Coccygeal
There are this many cervical vertebrae
7
There are this many thoracic vertebrae
12
There are this many lumbar vertebrae
5
There are this many sacral vertebrae
(That eventually fuse)
5
There are this many coccygeal vertebrae
(That eventually fuse)
4
Once the bones of the sacral and coccygeal vertebrae fuse, there are this many vertebrae in the column
26
At birth, the vertebral column is what shape?
C-shaped
A bend in the vertebral canal that is concave in the anterior direction
Kyphosis
A bend in the vertebral column that is concave in the posterior direction
Lordosis
Abnormal lateral curvature in the vertebral column
Scoliosis
AKA “hunchback”
hyperhyphois
AKA “swayback”
Hyperlordosis
This is the soft, jelly-like inner portion of a vertebral disc
Nucleus pulposus
This is the hard, fibrous outer ring of a vertebral disc
Anulus fibrosis
Name for the C1 vertebra
Atlas
Name for the C2 vertebra
Axis
The “head” of the sternum is the
Manubrium
The “body” of the sternum
Gladiolus
The bottom tip of the sternum
Xiphoid process
How many pairs of ribs are there
12 pairs
The first 7 ribs are “ “ rib
True ribs
5 pairs of ribs are called “ “ ribs
False ribs
Ribs 11 and 12 are “ “ ribs
Floating ribs
The 11 gaps between the spaces are called
Intercostal Spaces
