ch 7 short answer

Question 1

Be able to list functions of the skeletal system other than structure/support and protection.

Answer 1

electrolyte balance
acid-base balance
blood formation

Question 2

Be able to explain the basics of how the bone dissolving/forming cells function (i.e. the osteoclasts and osteoblasts).

Answer 2

osteoblasts: bone-forming cells; synthesize soft organic matter of matrix which then hardens by mineral deposition

osteoclasts: bone-dissolving cells found on bone surfaces; develop from same bone marrow stem cells that give rise to blood cells

Question 3

Know the two types of bone marrow and how they are different from each other.

Answer 3

red marrow: myeloid tissue; produces blood cells; in nearly every bone in a child

yellow marrow: found in adults; fatty marrow that does not produce blood; can transform to red marrow in the event of chronic anemia

Question 4

Be able to explain calcium homeostasis and how the three hormones discussed in class (i.e. calcitonin, parathyroid hormone, and active vitamin D3) maintain calcium homeostasis.

Answer 4

Calcitonin from the Thyroid Gland : promotes storage of calcium in bones
PTH from the Parathyroids Gland: promotes release of calcium from bones to blood
Calcitroil: most active form of vitamin D promotes calcium absorption from GI tract