ch. 3 review Flashcards
Na + pump functions
uses ATP while expelling sodium and importing potassium into cell
maintains steep concentration gradient allowing for secondary active transport
regulates solute concentration and thus osmosis and thus cell volume
maintains negatively charged resting membrane potential
produces heat
golgi apparatus functions
receives newly synthesized proteins from rough ER
sorts proteins, splices some, adss carbs moieties to some, and packages them into membrane-bound golgi vesicles
isotonic
no change in cell volume
concentration of nonpermeating solutes in bath and ICF are the same
ex. normal saline (0.9% NaCl)
hypotonic
causes cell to absorb water and SWELL
lower concentration of nonpermeating solutes than ICF
ex. distilled water
hypertonic
causes cell to lose water and SHRIVEL
higher concentration of nonpermeating solutes than ICF
lysosomes functions
intracellular hydrolytic digestion of proteins, nucleic acids, complex carbs, phospholipids, other substances
autophagy–digestion of cell’s surplus organelles
autolysis–cell suicide: digestion of a surplus cell by itself
glycoclyx functions
protection
immunity to infection
defense against cancer development
transplant compatibility
cell adhesion
fertilization
embryonic
membrane proteins
2% of molecules but 50% of the weight
plasma membrane
what is allowed to go in and out
defines cell boundaries
governs instructions with other cells
controls passage of materials in and out of cell
can go in: oxygen, carbon dioxide, water (can but passes slowly)
cannot go in: larger uncharged particles like glucose
integral proteins
penetrate membrane
transmembrane proteins pass completely through
peripheral proteins
adhere to one face of the membrane (do not penetrate)
usually tethered to the cytoskeleton
