Ch # 7: Cardiology Flashcards
1
Q
9 Suffixes meaning pertaining to
A
- ac -ic
- al -ose
- ar -ous
- ary -tic
- eal
2
Q
Suffix meaning pain
A
-dynia
3
Q
Suffix meaning surgical removal
A
-ectomy
4
Q
Suffix meaning blood condition
A
-emia
5
Q
Suffix meaning producing
A
-genic
6
Q
Suffix meaning record
A
-gram
7
Q
Suffix meaning process of recording
A
-graphy
8
Q
2 Suffixes meaning condition
A
- ia
- ism
9
Q
Suffix meaning inflammation
A
-itis
10
Q
Suffix meaning 1 who studies
A
-logist
11
Q
Suffix meaning study
A
-logy
12
Q
2 Suffixes meaning destruction
A
- lysis
- lytic
13
Q
Suffix meaning instrument 2 measure pressure
A
Monometer
14
Q
Suffix meaning enlarged
A
-megaly
15
Q
2 Suffixes meaning small
A
- ole
- ule
16
Q
Suffix meaning tumor
A
-oma
17
Q
Suffix meaning abnormal condition
A
-osis
18
Q
Suffix meaning cutting in2
A
-otomy
19
Q
Suffix meaning disease
A
-pathy
20
Q
Suffix meaning surgical repair
A
-plasty
21
Q
Suffix meaning suture
A
-rrhaphy
22
Q
Suffix meaning rupture
A
-rrhexis
23
Q
Suffix meaning hardening
A
-sclerosis
24
Q
Suffix meaning instrument 4 viewing
A
-scope
25
Suffix meaning involuntary muscle consraction
-spasm
26
Suffix meaning narrowing
-stenosis
27
Combining form meaning vessel
Angi/o
28
Combining form meaning aorta
The largest artery in the body
Carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body
Aort/o
29
Combining form meaning artery
Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart and toward a capillary bed
Arteries 2 the lungs carry deoxygenated blood and arteries 2 the body carry oxygenated blood
Arteri/o
30
Combining form meaning arteriole
Are the smallest arteries
Carries blood from artery to capillary bed
Arterial/o
31
Combining form meaning plaque or fatty substances
The soft yellow fatty deposits that build up along the inner wall of blood vessels
Ather/o
32
Combining form meaning atrium
The upper chambers of the heart
Left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
Right atrium recieves deoxygenated blood fro the body
Atri/o
33
2 Combining forms meaning heart
Composed of muscle tissue called myocardium that contracts 2 develop the pressure needed 2 push blood through blood vessels
Divided in left and right by the septum
Upper chambers are atria that receive blood returning 2 the body
Lower chambers are ventricles that contract 2 force blood out of the heart and in2 arteries
Cardi/o
Coron/o
34
Combining form meaning plug
A piece of broken off clot, mass of fat or bacteria that floats through the blood vessels until it plugs up a small blood vessel blocking blood flow
Embol/o
35
Combining form meaning 2 hold back
2 hold back or stop blood flow
Isch/o
36
Combining form meaning vein
R blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart from capillary beds
Veins from the body carry deoxygenated blood
Veins from the lungs carry oxygenated blood
Phleb/o
37
Localized widening of an artery due 2 weakness in arterial wall
May develop in any artery but it's more common in the abdominal aorta or cerebral arteries
Aneurysm
38
Severe chest pain caused by myocardial ischemia
Angina pectoris
39
Irregular heart beat
Arrhythmia
40
Listening 2 sounds within the body by using a stethoscope
Auscultation
41
Inflammation of the inner lining in the heart caused by bacteria
May result in visable accumulation of bacteria called vegetation
Bacteria endocarditis
42
Measurement of pressure exerted by blood against walls of blood vessel
Blood pressure
| BP
43
Abnormally slow heart rate below 60 bpm
Bradycardia
44
Complete stoppage of all heart activity
Including electrical signals and muscle contractions
Cardiac arrest
45
Complex proteins by the heart muscle when it is damaged
Taken by blood sample 2 determine the amount heart disease or damage
Most common enzymes r creatine kinase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase & lactate dehydrogenase
Cardiac enzymes
46
Applying external compressions 2 the rib cage in order 2 maintain blood flow and air movement in and out of the lungs during a cardiac arrest
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
| CPR
47
A brith defect in the wall separating 2 chambers of the heart allowing them 2 pass between 2 chambers
2 types of defect: atrial (ASD) or ventricular (VSD)
Congenial septal defect
| CSD
48
A condition that develops when the heart muscle is unable 2 pump blood forcefully enough and it reduces blood flow throughout the body
Results in weakness, dyspena and edema
Congestive heart failure
| CHF
49
Open-heart surgery in which the blood vessel is grafted 2 route blood around an occluded coronary artery
Often a leg vein is used
Coronary artery bypass graft
| CABG
50
2 names 4 a chronic heart disease caused by arteriosclerosis or atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries
Coronary artery disease
(CAD)
Arteriosclerotic heart disease
51
The formation of blood clots in deep veins
Usually occurs in the legs
Pieces of the clot may break away forming emboli
Deep vein thrombosis
| DVT
52
2 names 4 using an instrument called a defibrillator 2 give an electrical shock 2 the heart 4 the purpose of converting arrhythmia back 2 a normal heart beat
Defibrillation
Cardioversion
53
Imaging technique using ultrasound 2 create a moving image
Used 2 evaluate blood flow through blood vessels, movement of heart valves and movement of heart muscle during contraction
Doppler ultrasonography
54
A diagnostic procedure that records the electrical activity of the heart
Used 2 diagnosis damage 2 heart tissue from a coronary heart disease or myocardial infarction
Electrocardiography
55
The surgical removal of the inner lining of an artery in order 2 remove plaque
Endarterectomy
56
The abnormal quivering or contractions of the heart fibers
Occurrence w/in fibers of the ventricle of the heart result in cardiac arrest and death
Emergency equipment is necessary 2 defibrillate or convert heart 2 a normal heart beat
Fibrillation
57
The abnormal heart sound like a soft blowing sound or harsh click
They may be soft and only heard w/a stethoscope or so loud they can be heard from several feet away
Heart murmur
58
The replacement of a diseased or malfunctioning heart w/a donors heart
Heart transplantation
59
Cusps or flaps of the heart valve r 2 loose and fail 2 shut tightly allowing blood 2 flow backwards through the valve when the heart chamber contracts
Mostly occurs in the mitral valve but may effect any heart valve
Heart valve prolapse
60
Cusps or flaps of the heart valve r 2 stiff and r unable 2 open fully making it difficult 2 flow through
Mostly effects the mitral valve but can effect any valve
Heart valve stenosis
61
A portable ECG monitor worse by a patient 4 a short period of time 2 access heart and pulse activity as the patient goes through usual daily living
Used 2 assess a patient who experiences chest pain or unusual heart activity during exersize and normal activities
Holter monitor
62
Blood pressure above the normal range: systolic 140+ mmHg
| diastolic 90+ mmHg
Hypertension
63
A decrease in blood pressure
Can occur in shock, infection, cancer, anemia or as death approaches
Hypotension
64
An electrical device implanted in the chest cavity w/electrodes 2 the heart
Applies shock 2 the heart 2 stop potentially life-threatening arrythemias
Implantable cardioverter defibrillator
| ICD
65
An area of tissue necrosis that develops from ischemia
Infarct
66
2 names 4 treatments 4 clots occluding a blood vessel
Drug is injected directly in2 blood vessels 2 chemically dissolve clots
Intravascular thrombolytic therepy
Clot-busters
67
Infarct of the heart muscle caused by occlusion of 1 or more of the coronary arteries
Symptoms: angina pectoris and shortness of breath
Myocardial infarction
(MI)
Heart attack
68
The loss of the blood supply 2 the heart muscle tissue of the myocardium due 2 occlusion of the coronary artery
May cause angina pectoris or myocardial infarction
Myocardial ischemia
69
The blockage of a blood vessel or another hollow structure
May be caused by thrombus, plaque or embolus
Occlusion
70
An electrical device that artificially stimulates the contraction of the heart muscle
Treatment 4 bradycardia
Pacemaker
71
Method 4 treating coronary artery narrowing
Ballon catheter is inserted in2 the coronary artery and inflated 2 dilate a narrow blood vessel
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
72
The disease of blood vessels away from the central region of the body
Symptoms: pain, numbness and impaired circulation
Peripheral vascular disease
| PVD
73
2 names 4 an instrument 4 measuring blood pressure
Sphygmomanometer
Blood pressure cuff
74
A stainless steel tube placed w/in a blood vessel or duct 2 widen lumen
May be placed in a coronary artery 2 treat myocardial ischemia due 2 atherosclerosis
Stent
75
A method 4 evaluating cardiovascular fitness
Patient is placed on a treadmill or bicycle and then subjected 2 steadily increasing levels of work
EKG and oxygen levels are taken during exercise
Stop test if abnormalities occur in the EKG
Stress test
76
Abnormally fast heart rate
100+ bpm
Tachycardia
77
A specialized echocardiography procedure in which the patient swallows an ultrasound head in order 2 better visualize the internal cardiac structure
Esp cardiac valves
Transesophageal echocardiography
| TEE
78
Swollen and distended veins
Commonly in legs
Varicose veins
79
2 puncture in2 the vein 2 w/draw blood or inject medication or fluids
Veinpuncture
