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Medical Terminology > Ch # 7: Cardiology > Flashcards

Ch # 7: Cardiology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

9 Suffixes meaning pertaining to

A
  • ac -ic
  • al -ose
  • ar -ous
  • ary -tic
  • eal
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2
Q

Suffix meaning pain

A

-dynia

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3
Q

Suffix meaning surgical removal

A

-ectomy

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4
Q

Suffix meaning blood condition

A

-emia

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5
Q

Suffix meaning producing

A

-genic

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6
Q

Suffix meaning record

A

-gram

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7
Q

Suffix meaning process of recording

A

-graphy

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8
Q

2 Suffixes meaning condition

A
  • ia

- ism

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9
Q

Suffix meaning inflammation

A

-itis

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10
Q

Suffix meaning 1 who studies

A

-logist

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11
Q

Suffix meaning study

A

-logy

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12
Q

2 Suffixes meaning destruction

A
  • lysis

- lytic

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13
Q

Suffix meaning instrument 2 measure pressure

A

Monometer

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14
Q

Suffix meaning enlarged

A

-megaly

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15
Q

2 Suffixes meaning small

A
  • ole

- ule

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16
Q

Suffix meaning tumor

A

-oma

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17
Q

Suffix meaning abnormal condition

A

-osis

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18
Q

Suffix meaning cutting in2

A

-otomy

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19
Q

Suffix meaning disease

A

-pathy

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20
Q

Suffix meaning surgical repair

A

-plasty

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21
Q

Suffix meaning suture

A

-rrhaphy

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22
Q

Suffix meaning rupture

A

-rrhexis

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23
Q

Suffix meaning hardening

A

-sclerosis

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24
Q

Suffix meaning instrument 4 viewing

A

-scope

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25
Q

Suffix meaning involuntary muscle consraction

A

-spasm

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26
Q

Suffix meaning narrowing

A

-stenosis

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27
Q

Combining form meaning vessel

A

Angi/o

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28
Q

Combining form meaning aorta

The largest artery in the body

Carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body

A

Aort/o

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29
Q

Combining form meaning artery

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart and toward a capillary bed

Arteries 2 the lungs carry deoxygenated blood and arteries 2 the body carry oxygenated blood

A

Arteri/o

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30
Q

Combining form meaning arteriole

Are the smallest arteries

Carries blood from artery to capillary bed

A

Arterial/o

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31
Q

Combining form meaning plaque or fatty substances

The soft yellow fatty deposits that build up along the inner wall of blood vessels

A

Ather/o

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32
Q

Combining form meaning atrium

The upper chambers of the heart

Left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
Right atrium recieves deoxygenated blood fro the body

A

Atri/o

33
Q

2 Combining forms meaning heart

Composed of muscle tissue called myocardium that contracts 2 develop the pressure needed 2 push blood through blood vessels

Divided in left and right by the septum

Upper chambers are atria that receive blood returning 2 the body
Lower chambers are ventricles that contract 2 force blood out of the heart and in2 arteries

A

Cardi/o

Coron/o

34
Q

Combining form meaning plug

A piece of broken off clot, mass of fat or bacteria that floats through the blood vessels until it plugs up a small blood vessel blocking blood flow

A

Embol/o

35
Q

Combining form meaning 2 hold back

2 hold back or stop blood flow

A

Isch/o

36
Q

Combining form meaning vein

R blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart from capillary beds

Veins from the body carry deoxygenated blood
Veins from the lungs carry oxygenated blood

A

Phleb/o

37
Q

Localized widening of an artery due 2 weakness in arterial wall

May develop in any artery but it’s more common in the abdominal aorta or cerebral arteries

A

Aneurysm

38
Q

Severe chest pain caused by myocardial ischemia

A

Angina pectoris

39
Q

Irregular heart beat

A

Arrhythmia

40
Q

Listening 2 sounds within the body by using a stethoscope

A

Auscultation

41
Q

Inflammation of the inner lining in the heart caused by bacteria

May result in visable accumulation of bacteria called vegetation

A

Bacteria endocarditis

42
Q

Measurement of pressure exerted by blood against walls of blood vessel

A

Blood pressure

BP

43
Q

Abnormally slow heart rate below 60 bpm

A

Bradycardia

44
Q

Complete stoppage of all heart activity

Including electrical signals and muscle contractions

A

Cardiac arrest

45
Q

Complex proteins by the heart muscle when it is damaged

Taken by blood sample 2 determine the amount heart disease or damage

Most common enzymes r creatine kinase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase & lactate dehydrogenase

A

Cardiac enzymes

46
Q

Applying external compressions 2 the rib cage in order 2 maintain blood flow and air movement in and out of the lungs during a cardiac arrest

A

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

CPR

47
Q

A brith defect in the wall separating 2 chambers of the heart allowing them 2 pass between 2 chambers

2 types of defect: atrial (ASD) or ventricular (VSD)

A

Congenial septal defect

CSD

48
Q

A condition that develops when the heart muscle is unable 2 pump blood forcefully enough and it reduces blood flow throughout the body

Results in weakness, dyspena and edema

A

Congestive heart failure

CHF

49
Q

Open-heart surgery in which the blood vessel is grafted 2 route blood around an occluded coronary artery

Often a leg vein is used

A

Coronary artery bypass graft

CABG

50
Q

2 names 4 a chronic heart disease caused by arteriosclerosis or atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries

A

Coronary artery disease
(CAD)

Arteriosclerotic heart disease

51
Q

The formation of blood clots in deep veins

Usually occurs in the legs

Pieces of the clot may break away forming emboli

A

Deep vein thrombosis

DVT

52
Q

2 names 4 using an instrument called a defibrillator 2 give an electrical shock 2 the heart 4 the purpose of converting arrhythmia back 2 a normal heart beat

A

Defibrillation

Cardioversion

53
Q

Imaging technique using ultrasound 2 create a moving image

Used 2 evaluate blood flow through blood vessels, movement of heart valves and movement of heart muscle during contraction

A

Doppler ultrasonography

54
Q

A diagnostic procedure that records the electrical activity of the heart

Used 2 diagnosis damage 2 heart tissue from a coronary heart disease or myocardial infarction

A

Electrocardiography

55
Q

The surgical removal of the inner lining of an artery in order 2 remove plaque

A

Endarterectomy

56
Q

The abnormal quivering or contractions of the heart fibers

Occurrence w/in fibers of the ventricle of the heart result in cardiac arrest and death

Emergency equipment is necessary 2 defibrillate or convert heart 2 a normal heart beat

A

Fibrillation

57
Q

The abnormal heart sound like a soft blowing sound or harsh click

They may be soft and only heard w/a stethoscope or so loud they can be heard from several feet away

A

Heart murmur

58
Q

The replacement of a diseased or malfunctioning heart w/a donors heart

A

Heart transplantation

59
Q

Cusps or flaps of the heart valve r 2 loose and fail 2 shut tightly allowing blood 2 flow backwards through the valve when the heart chamber contracts

Mostly occurs in the mitral valve but may effect any heart valve

A

Heart valve prolapse

60
Q

Cusps or flaps of the heart valve r 2 stiff and r unable 2 open fully making it difficult 2 flow through

Mostly effects the mitral valve but can effect any valve

A

Heart valve stenosis

61
Q

A portable ECG monitor worse by a patient 4 a short period of time 2 access heart and pulse activity as the patient goes through usual daily living

Used 2 assess a patient who experiences chest pain or unusual heart activity during exersize and normal activities

A

Holter monitor

62
Q

Blood pressure above the normal range: systolic 140+ mmHg

diastolic 90+ mmHg

A

Hypertension

63
Q

A decrease in blood pressure

Can occur in shock, infection, cancer, anemia or as death approaches

A

Hypotension

64
Q

An electrical device implanted in the chest cavity w/electrodes 2 the heart

Applies shock 2 the heart 2 stop potentially life-threatening arrythemias

A

Implantable cardioverter defibrillator

ICD

65
Q

An area of tissue necrosis that develops from ischemia

A

Infarct

66
Q

2 names 4 treatments 4 clots occluding a blood vessel

Drug is injected directly in2 blood vessels 2 chemically dissolve clots

A

Intravascular thrombolytic therepy

Clot-busters

67
Q

Infarct of the heart muscle caused by occlusion of 1 or more of the coronary arteries

Symptoms: angina pectoris and shortness of breath

A

Myocardial infarction
(MI)

Heart attack

68
Q

The loss of the blood supply 2 the heart muscle tissue of the myocardium due 2 occlusion of the coronary artery

May cause angina pectoris or myocardial infarction

A

Myocardial ischemia

69
Q

The blockage of a blood vessel or another hollow structure

May be caused by thrombus, plaque or embolus

A

Occlusion

70
Q

An electrical device that artificially stimulates the contraction of the heart muscle

Treatment 4 bradycardia

A

Pacemaker

71
Q

Method 4 treating coronary artery narrowing

Ballon catheter is inserted in2 the coronary artery and inflated 2 dilate a narrow blood vessel

A

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

72
Q

The disease of blood vessels away from the central region of the body

Symptoms: pain, numbness and impaired circulation

A

Peripheral vascular disease

PVD

73
Q

2 names 4 an instrument 4 measuring blood pressure

A

Sphygmomanometer

Blood pressure cuff

74
Q

A stainless steel tube placed w/in a blood vessel or duct 2 widen lumen

May be placed in a coronary artery 2 treat myocardial ischemia due 2 atherosclerosis

A

Stent

75
Q

A method 4 evaluating cardiovascular fitness

Patient is placed on a treadmill or bicycle and then subjected 2 steadily increasing levels of work

EKG and oxygen levels are taken during exercise

Stop test if abnormalities occur in the EKG

A

Stress test

76
Q

Abnormally fast heart rate

100+ bpm

A

Tachycardia

77
Q

A specialized echocardiography procedure in which the patient swallows an ultrasound head in order 2 better visualize the internal cardiac structure
Esp cardiac valves

A

Transesophageal echocardiography

TEE

78
Q

Swollen and distended veins

Commonly in legs

A

Varicose veins

79
Q

2 puncture in2 the vein 2 w/draw blood or inject medication or fluids

A

Veinpuncture

Medical Terminology (15 decks)

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