Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology > Ch # 11 : Gastroenterology > Flashcards

Ch # 11 : Gastroenterology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

2 different names 4 the system responsible 4 digesting the food we eat and absorbing the nutrient molecules

A

Gastrointestinal system

Digestive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Organs involved includes the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestine, colon, rectum and anus

Accessory organs involved are the liver, gallbladder and pancreas

A

Gastrointestinal tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The branch of medicine specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and conditions affecting the lower GI tract

Includes organs between the esophagus and the rectum

A

Gastroenterology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A specialist that treats conditions including bleeding, cancer, infections, nutritional disorders, inflammatory disorders, diverticulosis, gallbladder disease, liver disease, gastroesophageal reflux and ulcers.

A

Gastroenterologist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

3 suffixes meaning pertaining to

A
  • al
  • eal
  • ic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

2 suffixes meaning pain

A
  • algia

- dynia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Suffix meaning protrusion

A

-cele

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Suffix meaning surgical removal

A

-ectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Suffix meaning vomit

A

-emesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Suffix meaning record

A

-gram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Suffix meaning the process of recording

A

-graphy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

2 Suffixes meaning abnormal condition

A
  • iasis

- osis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Suffix meaning inflammation

A

-itis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Suffix meaning 1 who studies

A

-logist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Suffix meaning study of

A

-logy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Suffix meaning tumor

A

-oma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Suffix meaning to surgically create an opening

A

-ostomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Suffix meaning cutting in2

A

-otomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Suffix meaning digestion

A

-pepsia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Suffix meaning eat or swallow

A

-phagia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Suffix meaning surgical repair

A

-plasty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Suffix meaning dropping

A

-ptosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Suffix meaning instrument 4 viewing

A

-scope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Suffix meaning process of viewing

A

-scopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Suffix meaning surgical crushing

A

-tripsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Prefix meaning without

A

A-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Prefix meaning slow

A

Brady-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Prefix meaning painful or difficult

A

Dys-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Prefix meaning excessive

A

Hyper-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Prefix meaning many

A

Poly-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Combining form meaning anus

A

An/o

32
Q

2 Combining forms meaning appendix

A small pouch attached 2 the cecum

Serves no known purpose

A

Appendic/o

Append/o

33
Q

Combining form meaning bile or gall

A substance produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder that aids in fat digestion

Transported to the duodenum by the common bile duct

A

Chol/e

34
Q

Combining form meaning bile ducts

A series of ducts that transports bile between the liver, gallbladder and the duodenum

A

Cholangi/o

35
Q

Combining form meaning gallbladder

Stores bile produced by the liver

A

Cholecyst/o

36
Q

Combining form meaning common bile duct

The main duct that transports bile from the liver or gallbladder 2 the duodenum

A

Choledoch/o

37
Q

2 Combining forms meaning colon

Receives undigested food from the intestine

Allows water 2 be reabsorbed in2 the body and what remains is feces

Is divided in2 the ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon and the sigmoid colon

A

Col/o

Colon/o

38
Q

Term that includes the cecum, appendix, colon, rectum and anus

A

Large intestine

39
Q

Combining form meaning diverticulum

Small abnormal pouch that forms off the intestinal or colon wall

Can become inflamed or infected

A

Diverticul/o

40
Q

Combining form meaning duodenum

1st section of the intestine

Recieves food from the stomach, digestive enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the liver

Begins final digestion and absorption of nutrients

A

Duoden/o

41
Q

Combining form meaning intestine

Recieves food from the stomach, digestive enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the liver

Where asorbtion of nutrients begins

Includes duodenum, jejunum and ileum

A

Enter/o

42
Q

Combining form meaning esophagus

A muscular tube that carries food from the throat to the stomach

A

Esophag/o

43
Q

Combining form meaning stomach

A muscular sac producing hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes

Begins the digestive process by mixing food received from the esophagus w/acid called chime then leaves the stomach and enters the duodenum

A

Gastr/o

44
Q

Combining form meaning liver

A complex organ that aids in fat digestion by producing bile

A

Hepat/o

45
Q

Combining form meaning ileum

3rd section of the intestine

Receives food from the jejunum and completes process of digestion and nutrient absorption

A

Ile/o

46
Q

Combining form meaning abdomen

A body cavity that houses organs of digestion, reproduction and excretion

A

Lapar/o

47
Q

Combining form meaning pancreas

An organ that produces digestive enzymes

Pancreatic duct carries enzymes 2 the duodenum where they aid in food digestion

A

Pancreat/o

48
Q

Combining form meaning polyp

Small mushroom-shaped tumors that grow on the mucus membranes of the colon and extend in2 the lumen of the colon

Can become cancerous

A

Polyp/o

49
Q

Combining form meaning both the rectum and anus

A

Proct/o

50
Q

Combining form meaning rectum

Final segment of the colon

Recieves feces from the sigmoid colon and stores it prior 2 elimination

A

Rect/o

51
Q

Combining form meaning sigmoid colon

An s-shaped area of the colon

Feces pass out of the sigmoid colon and in2 the rectum

A

Sigmoid/o

52
Q

Accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity

A

Ascites

53
Q

2 different names 4 an X-ray examination of the intestine and the colon using barium as a contrast medium

A

Barium enema
(BE)

Lower GI series

54
Q

Chronic liver disease

A

Cirrhosis

55
Q

Chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) w/mucus membrane ulcers

Most often found in the ileum

A

Crohn disease

56
Q

Acute intestinal condition w/pain, diarrhea and blood and mucus in the stools

Usually caused by bacterial or parasitic infection

A

Dysentery

57
Q

Congenital lack of the connection between the esophagus and the stomach

Food cannot enter the stomach

A

Esophageal atresia

58
Q

Varicose veins in the esophagus

Results in massive bleeding if ruptured

A

Esophageal varices

59
Q

3 different names 4 a clinical lab test 4 the presence of small amounts of blood in the feces

A

Fecal occult blood test
(FOBT)

Hemocrit

Stool guaiac test

60
Q

2 different names 4 a surgical treatment 4 obesity

Portion of the stomach is stapled off and bypassed so that it holds less food

A

Gastric bypass

Stomach stapling

61
Q

Occurs when stomach acid backs up in2 the esophagus

A

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

GERD

62
Q

Clinical lab test 4 the presence of bacteria known 2 cause gastric ulcers

A

Helicobacter pylori antibody test

63
Q

Varicose veins in the rectum

A

Hemorrhoids

64
Q

Obstruction of the intestine that occurs when muscular movements stop moving food or blockage prevents food from moving through the digestive tract

A

Ileus

65
Q

Occurs when 1 section of the intestine slips or telescopes in2 another section of the intestine

A

Intussusception

66
Q

2 different names 4 the disturbance in the normal functioning of the bowel characterized by abdominal pain and diarrhea

Often associated w/stress

A

Irritable bowel syndrome
(IBS)

Spastic colon

67
Q

Yellow-colored skin and whites of the eyes associated w/liver disease

A

Jaundice

68
Q

Very dark, tarry stools due 2 the presence of blood

A

Melena

69
Q

Feeling of the urge 2 vomit

A

Nausea

70
Q

Clinical lab test 4 presence of parasites or their eggs in the feces

A

Ova and parasites

71
Q

Crater-like erosion occurring on the mucus membrane of the lower esophagus, stomach and/or duodenum

Bleeding ulcer: when the ulcer eats in2 the blood vessel

Perforated ulcer: when the ulcer eats through the wall of the stomach allowing stomach acids 2 escape in2 the abdominal cavity

A

Peptic ulcer disease

PUD

72
Q

Nutrient-complete solution given directly in2 the bloodstream when the individual cannot eat by the mouth

A

Total parenteral nutrition

TPN

73
Q

Chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by the formation of ulcers on the mucus membrane of the colon

A

Ulcerative colitis

74
Q

2 different names 4 a X-ray examination of the esophagus and the stomach using barium as the contrast medium

A

Upper gastrointestinal series

Barium swallow

75
Q

Length of the bowel that becomes twisted around itself

A

Volvulus

76
Q

Forceful return of stomach contents out of the mouth

A

Vomit

Medical Terminology (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions