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Medical Terminology > Ch # 10: Pulmonology > Flashcards

Ch # 10: Pulmonology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Diagnosis and treatment of diseases and conditions affecting the lower respiratory system and chest cavity including the trachea, bronchi, lungs and pleura

A

Pulmonology

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2
Q

Treat conditions including cancer, infections, obstructive lung diseases, injuries, respiratory failure, Enviromental and occupational lung diseases and disorders of the pleura

A

Pulmonologist

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3
Q

Performs surgical treatment of the lung and thoracic cavity conditions including lungs, trachea, esophagus, chest wall, heart and other structures in the heart

A

Thoracic surgeon

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4
Q

Administers oxygen therepy, measuring lung capacity, monatering blood concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide, administer breathing treatments and providing care 4 ventilator patients

A

Respiratory therapist

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5
Q

4 Suffixes meaning pertaining to

A
  • al
  • ar
  • ary
  • ic
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6
Q

2 Suffixes meaning pain

A
  • algia

- dynia

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7
Q

Suffix meaning puncture 2 w/draw fluid

A

-centesis

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8
Q

Suffix meaning dilatedor expansion

A

Ectasis

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9
Q

Suffix meaning surgical removal

A

-ectomy

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10
Q

Suffix meaning producing

A

Genic

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11
Q

Suffix meaning record

A

-gram

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12
Q

Suffix meaning instrument 4 recording

A

-graphy

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13
Q

Suffix meaning state of

A

-ia

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14
Q

Suffix meaning inflammation

A

-itis

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15
Q

Suffix meaning 1 who studies

A

-logist

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16
Q

Suffix meaning study of

A

-logy

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17
Q

Suffix meaning instrument 2 measure

A

-meter

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18
Q

Suffix meaning process of measuring

A

-metry

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19
Q

Suffix meaning small

A

-ole

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20
Q

Suffix meaning tumor

A

-oma

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21
Q

Suffix meaning abnormal condition

A

-osis

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22
Q

Suffix meaning create new opening

A

-ostomy

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23
Q

Suffix meaning cutting in2

A

-otomy

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24
Q

Suffix meaning oxygen

A

-oxia

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25
Q

Suffix meaning surgical repair

A

-plasty

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26
Q

Suffix meaning breathing

A

-pnea

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27
Q

Suffix meaning spitting

A

-ptysis

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28
Q

Suffix meaning instrument 4 viewing

A

-scope

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29
Q

Suffix meaning process of visual examining

A

-scopy

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30
Q

Suffix meaning involuntary strong muscle contraction

A

-spasm

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31
Q

Suffix meaning chest

A

-thorax

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32
Q

2 Prefixes meaning w/out

A

A-

An-

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33
Q

Prefix meaning slow

A

Brady-

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34
Q

Prefix meaning abnormal or labored

A

Dys-

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35
Q

Prefix meaning w/in

A

Endo-

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36
Q

Prefix meaning normal

A

Eu-

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37
Q

Prefix meaning excessive

A

Hyper-

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38
Q

Prefix meaning insufficient

A

Hypo-

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39
Q

Prefix meaning fast

A

Tachy-

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40
Q

Combining form meaning alveolus

Thin-walled air sacs at the end of bronchioles

Exchange of oxygen takes place between air in alveoli & capillary blood supply around them

A

Alveol/o

41
Q

2 Combining forms meaning bronchus

The 2 main divisions of trachea that carry in2 each lung

They subdivide in2 more narrow bronchi & eventually become the narrowest bronchioles

A

Bronchi/o

Bronch/o

42
Q

Combining form meaning bronchioles

They r the narrowest air way tubes

Carries air from bronchi 2 aveoli

A

Bronchiol/o

43
Q

Combining form meaning dust

A

Coni/o

44
Q

Combining form meaning blue

A

Cyan/o

45
Q

Combining form meaning lobe

Each lung is subdivided in2 lobes

Right has 3 lobes
Left has 2 lobes

A

Lob/o

46
Q

Combining form meaning mediastinum

The central region of the thoracic cavity between the lungs

Contains: trachea, heart, aorta, esophagus, lymph nodes & thymus gland

A

Mediastin/o

47
Q

Combining form meaning straight

A

Orth/o

48
Q

Combining form meaning oxygen

Required by every cell of the body 4 its metabolism

Main function of the lungs is 2 inhale oxygen

A

Ox/i

49
Q

Combining form meaning pleura

A double layered membrane that forms a protective sac around the lungs

Outer layer: parietal
Inner layer: visceral

The area covered w/folded pleura is called pleural cavity

A

Pleur/o

50
Q

Combining form meaning lung or air

Paired organs found in the thoracic cavity

Each consist of tubelike airways that carry air 2 & from aveoli or air sacs

Gas exchange between outside air & the bloodstream takes place in the aveoli

A

Pneum/o

51
Q

2 Combining forms meaning lung

A

Pneumon/o

Pulmon/o

52
Q

Combining form meaning breathing

A

Spir/o

53
Q

Combining form meaning chest

A

Thorac/o

54
Q

Combining form meaning trachea

The tube that carries air from the thrust down in2 the chest cavity

Splits in2 2 main bronchi : aka windpipe

A

Trache/o

55
Q

Acute respiratory failure in adults characterized by tachypnea, dyspnea, cyanosis, tachycardia and hypoxia

A

Adult respiratory distress syndrome

ARDS

56
Q

A laboratory test for the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood

A

Arterial blood gases

ABG’s

57
Q

2 names 4 a lack of oxygen that can lead 2 unconsciousness and death if not corrected immediately

Common causes: drowning, a foreign body in the respiratory tract, poisoning and electric shock

A

Asphyxia

Asphyxiation

58
Q

Inhaling fluid or a foreign object in2 the airways

A

Aspirate

59
Q

A disease caused by various conditions like allergies resulting in bronchospasm, excessive mucus production, inflammation, airway constriction, wheezing and coughing

A

Asthma

60
Q

A condition in which the lung tissue collapses preventing respiratory exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

A

Atelectasis

61
Q

Any medication that causes the bronchi 2 dilate

A

Bronchodilator

62
Q

A malignant lung tumor that originates in the bronchi

Associated w/cigarette smoking

A

Bronchogenic carcinoma

63
Q

A combination of external compressions on the sternum and mouth breathing 2 maintain blood flow and air movement in and out of the lungs during cardiac and respiratory arrest

A

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

CPR

64
Q

2 names 4 a progressive, chronic and irreversible condition in which the air flow 2 and from the lungs is decreased

Patient can have severe dyspnea w/exertion and cough

A

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD)

Chronic obstructive lung disease
(COLD)

65
Q

An acute viral infection in infants and children

Symptoms include dyspnea and a characteristic barking cough

A

Croup

66
Q

A genetic condition that causes a patient 2 produce very thick mucus resulting in severe congestion w/in the lungs and the digestive system

A

Cystic fibrosis

CF

67
Q

A pulmonary condition resulting from destruction of alveolar walls leading 2 overinflated aveoli

Can occur as a result of long-term smoking or exposure 2 air pollution

Characterized by dyspnea on exertion

A

Emphysema

68
Q

Placing a tube through the mouth and in2 the trachea 2 maintain an open airway and facilitate artificial ventilation

A

Endotracheal intubation

ET

69
Q

2 breath 2 quickly (tachypnea) and 2 deeply (hypopnea)

A

Hyperventilation

70
Q

2 breath 2 slowly (bradypnea) and 2 shallowly (hypopnea)

A

Hypoventilation

71
Q

Having an insufficient amount of oxygen in the body

A

Hypoxia

72
Q

A condition seen in premature infants whose lungs have not had time 2 fully develop

Lungs rn’t able 2 expand fully causing extreme difficultly w/breathing and can result in death

A

Infant respiratory distress syndrome

IRDS

73
Q

An acute viral infection of the airways

Usually highly contagious

Symptoms include chills, fever, body aches and a dry cough

A

Influenza

Flu

74
Q

A method of artificial ventilation using a mask connected 2 a machine that produces pressure 2 assist air 2 fill the lungs

A

Intermittent positive pressure breathing

IPPB

75
Q

A thick mucus secreated by the mucus membrane lining of the respiratory tract

When its coughed through the mouth its called sputum

A

Phlegm

76
Q

The abnormal presence of fluid or gas in the pleural cavity

Its presence can be detected by tapping the chest (percussion) or listening w/a stethoscope (auscultation)

A

Pleural effusion

77
Q

Inflammation of the pleura

A

Pleurisy

78
Q

An acute inflammatory condition of the lungs which can be caused by bacterial and viral infections, diseases and chemicals

Severe dyspnea and death can result when the aveoli fill w/fluid (pulmonary infiltrate)

A

Pneumonia

79
Q

The collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity which can result w/a collapsed lung

A

Pneumothorax

80
Q

The drainage of secretions from the bronchi by placing a patient in a position that uses gravity 2 promote drainage

Used 4 treatment of cystic fibrous and bronchiectasis

A

Postural drainage

81
Q

Injecting dye in2 a blood vessel 4 the purpose of taking an x-ray of the arteries and veins in the lungs

Is a test 4 pulmonary embolism

A

Pulmonary angiography

82
Q

A condition in which the lung tissue retains excessive amount of fluid

Results in dyspnea

A

Pulmonary edema

83
Q

A blood clot or air bubble in the pulmonary artery or 1 of its branches

Results in the infarct of lung tissue

A

Pulmonary embolism

PE

84
Q

A diagnostic procedure 2 access respiratory function by using a spirometer 2 measure the air flow and lung volumes

Often performed by respiratory therapists

A

Pulmonary function test

PFT

85
Q

Containing pus

A

Purulent

86
Q

An abnormal “crackling” sound made during inhalation

Caused by mucus or fluid in the airways

A

Rales

87
Q

The number of breaths per minute: rpm

1 of the vital signs

A

Respiratory rate

RR

88
Q

2 names 4 a whistling sound that can be heard during either inhalation or exhalation

Caused by the narrowing of the bronchi

A

Rhonchi

Wheezing

89
Q

A severe and highly contagious viral lung infection w/high fever

Threatened a worldwide epidemic in 2003

A

Severe acute respiratory syndrome

SARS

90
Q

Mucus or phlegm coughed up or spit out from the respiratory tract

A

Sputum

91
Q

Testing sputum by placing it on a culture medium and observing any bacterial growth

Specimen used 2 detect best and most effective antibiotics 2 use

A

Sputum culture and sensitivity test

Sputum C and S

92
Q

The examination of the sputum 4 malignant cells

A

Sputum cytology

93
Q

An unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently well infant

Sleep apnea, airway spasms, and the failure of nerves 2 stimulate the diaphragm have been studied as possible causes

A

Sudden infant death syndrome

SIDS

94
Q

The diagnostic test 4 cystic fibrosis

Children w/this disease lose excessive amount of salt in their sweat

A

Sweat test

95
Q

A diagnostic test 4 exposure 2 tuberculosis bacteria by applying a chemical agent under the surface of the skin and then evaluating the site 4 a reaction

A

Tuberculin skin tests

TB test

96
Q

An infectious disease caused by tubercle bacillus or Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Most commonly effects the respiratory system and causes inflammation and calcification in the lungs

A

Tuberculosis

TB

97
Q

A nuclear medicine immage particularly useful in diagnosing a pulmonary emboli

Involves inhalation of radioactive tagged air 2 evaluate air movement and injection of a radioactive tagged dye in2 the blood stream 2 evaluate blood flow 2 the lungs

A

Ventilation-perfusion scan

98
Q

2 names 4 a mechanical device 2 assist a patient 2 breath

A

Ventilator

Respirator

Medical Terminology (15 decks)

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