Ch # 10: Pulmonology Flashcards
1
Q
Diagnosis and treatment of diseases and conditions affecting the lower respiratory system and chest cavity including the trachea, bronchi, lungs and pleura
A
Pulmonology
2
Q
Treat conditions including cancer, infections, obstructive lung diseases, injuries, respiratory failure, Enviromental and occupational lung diseases and disorders of the pleura
A
Pulmonologist
3
Q
Performs surgical treatment of the lung and thoracic cavity conditions including lungs, trachea, esophagus, chest wall, heart and other structures in the heart
A
Thoracic surgeon
4
Q
Administers oxygen therepy, measuring lung capacity, monatering blood concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide, administer breathing treatments and providing care 4 ventilator patients
A
Respiratory therapist
5
Q
4 Suffixes meaning pertaining to
A
- al
- ar
- ary
- ic
6
Q
2 Suffixes meaning pain
A
- algia
- dynia
7
Q
Suffix meaning puncture 2 w/draw fluid
A
-centesis
8
Q
Suffix meaning dilatedor expansion
A
Ectasis
9
Q
Suffix meaning surgical removal
A
-ectomy
10
Q
Suffix meaning producing
A
Genic
11
Q
Suffix meaning record
A
-gram
12
Q
Suffix meaning instrument 4 recording
A
-graphy
13
Q
Suffix meaning state of
A
-ia
14
Q
Suffix meaning inflammation
A
-itis
15
Q
Suffix meaning 1 who studies
A
-logist
16
Q
Suffix meaning study of
A
-logy
17
Q
Suffix meaning instrument 2 measure
A
-meter
18
Q
Suffix meaning process of measuring
A
-metry
19
Q
Suffix meaning small
A
-ole
20
Q
Suffix meaning tumor
A
-oma
21
Q
Suffix meaning abnormal condition
A
-osis
22
Q
Suffix meaning create new opening
A
-ostomy
23
Q
Suffix meaning cutting in2
A
-otomy
24
Q
Suffix meaning oxygen
A
-oxia
25
Suffix meaning surgical repair
-plasty
26
Suffix meaning breathing
-pnea
27
Suffix meaning spitting
-ptysis
28
Suffix meaning instrument 4 viewing
-scope
29
Suffix meaning process of visual examining
-scopy
30
Suffix meaning involuntary strong muscle contraction
-spasm
31
Suffix meaning chest
-thorax
32
2 Prefixes meaning w/out
A-
An-
33
Prefix meaning slow
Brady-
34
Prefix meaning abnormal or labored
Dys-
35
Prefix meaning w/in
Endo-
36
Prefix meaning normal
Eu-
37
Prefix meaning excessive
Hyper-
38
Prefix meaning insufficient
Hypo-
39
Prefix meaning fast
Tachy-
40
Combining form meaning alveolus
Thin-walled air sacs at the end of bronchioles
Exchange of oxygen takes place between air in alveoli & capillary blood supply around them
Alveol/o
41
2 Combining forms meaning bronchus
The 2 main divisions of trachea that carry in2 each lung
They subdivide in2 more narrow bronchi & eventually become the narrowest bronchioles
Bronchi/o
Bronch/o
42
Combining form meaning bronchioles
They r the narrowest air way tubes
Carries air from bronchi 2 aveoli
Bronchiol/o
43
Combining form meaning dust
Coni/o
44
Combining form meaning blue
Cyan/o
45
Combining form meaning lobe
Each lung is subdivided in2 lobes
Right has 3 lobes
Left has 2 lobes
Lob/o
46
Combining form meaning mediastinum
The central region of the thoracic cavity between the lungs
Contains: trachea, heart, aorta, esophagus, lymph nodes & thymus gland
Mediastin/o
47
Combining form meaning straight
Orth/o
48
Combining form meaning oxygen
Required by every cell of the body 4 its metabolism
Main function of the lungs is 2 inhale oxygen
Ox/i
49
Combining form meaning pleura
A double layered membrane that forms a protective sac around the lungs
Outer layer: parietal
Inner layer: visceral
The area covered w/folded pleura is called pleural cavity
Pleur/o
50
Combining form meaning lung or air
Paired organs found in the thoracic cavity
Each consist of tubelike airways that carry air 2 & from aveoli or air sacs
Gas exchange between outside air & the bloodstream takes place in the aveoli
Pneum/o
51
2 Combining forms meaning lung
Pneumon/o
Pulmon/o
52
Combining form meaning breathing
Spir/o
53
Combining form meaning chest
Thorac/o
54
Combining form meaning trachea
The tube that carries air from the thrust down in2 the chest cavity
Splits in2 2 main bronchi : aka windpipe
Trache/o
55
Acute respiratory failure in adults characterized by tachypnea, dyspnea, cyanosis, tachycardia and hypoxia
Adult respiratory distress syndrome
| ARDS
56
A laboratory test for the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood
Arterial blood gases
| ABG's
57
2 names 4 a lack of oxygen that can lead 2 unconsciousness and death if not corrected immediately
Common causes: drowning, a foreign body in the respiratory tract, poisoning and electric shock
Asphyxia
Asphyxiation
58
Inhaling fluid or a foreign object in2 the airways
Aspirate
59
A disease caused by various conditions like allergies resulting in bronchospasm, excessive mucus production, inflammation, airway constriction, wheezing and coughing
Asthma
60
A condition in which the lung tissue collapses preventing respiratory exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
Atelectasis
61
Any medication that causes the bronchi 2 dilate
Bronchodilator
62
A malignant lung tumor that originates in the bronchi
Associated w/cigarette smoking
Bronchogenic carcinoma
63
A combination of external compressions on the sternum and mouth breathing 2 maintain blood flow and air movement in and out of the lungs during cardiac and respiratory arrest
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
| CPR
64
2 names 4 a progressive, chronic and irreversible condition in which the air flow 2 and from the lungs is decreased
Patient can have severe dyspnea w/exertion and cough
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD)
Chronic obstructive lung disease
(COLD)
65
An acute viral infection in infants and children
Symptoms include dyspnea and a characteristic barking cough
Croup
66
A genetic condition that causes a patient 2 produce very thick mucus resulting in severe congestion w/in the lungs and the digestive system
Cystic fibrosis
| CF
67
A pulmonary condition resulting from destruction of alveolar walls leading 2 overinflated aveoli
Can occur as a result of long-term smoking or exposure 2 air pollution
Characterized by dyspnea on exertion
Emphysema
68
Placing a tube through the mouth and in2 the trachea 2 maintain an open airway and facilitate artificial ventilation
Endotracheal intubation
| ET
69
2 breath 2 quickly (tachypnea) and 2 deeply (hypopnea)
Hyperventilation
70
2 breath 2 slowly (bradypnea) and 2 shallowly (hypopnea)
Hypoventilation
71
Having an insufficient amount of oxygen in the body
Hypoxia
72
A condition seen in premature infants whose lungs have not had time 2 fully develop
Lungs rn't able 2 expand fully causing extreme difficultly w/breathing and can result in death
Infant respiratory distress syndrome
| IRDS
73
An acute viral infection of the airways
Usually highly contagious
Symptoms include chills, fever, body aches and a dry cough
Influenza
| Flu
74
A method of artificial ventilation using a mask connected 2 a machine that produces pressure 2 assist air 2 fill the lungs
Intermittent positive pressure breathing
| IPPB
75
A thick mucus secreated by the mucus membrane lining of the respiratory tract
When its coughed through the mouth its called sputum
Phlegm
76
The abnormal presence of fluid or gas in the pleural cavity
Its presence can be detected by tapping the chest (percussion) or listening w/a stethoscope (auscultation)
Pleural effusion
77
Inflammation of the pleura
Pleurisy
78
An acute inflammatory condition of the lungs which can be caused by bacterial and viral infections, diseases and chemicals
Severe dyspnea and death can result when the aveoli fill w/fluid (pulmonary infiltrate)
Pneumonia
79
The collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity which can result w/a collapsed lung
Pneumothorax
80
The drainage of secretions from the bronchi by placing a patient in a position that uses gravity 2 promote drainage
Used 4 treatment of cystic fibrous and bronchiectasis
Postural drainage
81
Injecting dye in2 a blood vessel 4 the purpose of taking an x-ray of the arteries and veins in the lungs
Is a test 4 pulmonary embolism
Pulmonary angiography
82
A condition in which the lung tissue retains excessive amount of fluid
Results in dyspnea
Pulmonary edema
83
A blood clot or air bubble in the pulmonary artery or 1 of its branches
Results in the infarct of lung tissue
Pulmonary embolism
| PE
84
A diagnostic procedure 2 access respiratory function by using a spirometer 2 measure the air flow and lung volumes
Often performed by respiratory therapists
Pulmonary function test
| PFT
85
Containing pus
Purulent
86
An abnormal "crackling" sound made during inhalation
Caused by mucus or fluid in the airways
Rales
87
The number of breaths per minute: rpm
1 of the vital signs
Respiratory rate
| RR
88
2 names 4 a whistling sound that can be heard during either inhalation or exhalation
Caused by the narrowing of the bronchi
Rhonchi
Wheezing
89
A severe and highly contagious viral lung infection w/high fever
Threatened a worldwide epidemic in 2003
Severe acute respiratory syndrome
| SARS
90
Mucus or phlegm coughed up or spit out from the respiratory tract
Sputum
91
Testing sputum by placing it on a culture medium and observing any bacterial growth
Specimen used 2 detect best and most effective antibiotics 2 use
Sputum culture and sensitivity test
| Sputum C and S
92
The examination of the sputum 4 malignant cells
Sputum cytology
93
An unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently well infant
Sleep apnea, airway spasms, and the failure of nerves 2 stimulate the diaphragm have been studied as possible causes
Sudden infant death syndrome
| SIDS
94
The diagnostic test 4 cystic fibrosis
Children w/this disease lose excessive amount of salt in their sweat
Sweat test
95
A diagnostic test 4 exposure 2 tuberculosis bacteria by applying a chemical agent under the surface of the skin and then evaluating the site 4 a reaction
Tuberculin skin tests
| TB test
96
An infectious disease caused by tubercle bacillus or Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Most commonly effects the respiratory system and causes inflammation and calcification in the lungs
Tuberculosis
| TB
97
A nuclear medicine immage particularly useful in diagnosing a pulmonary emboli
Involves inhalation of radioactive tagged air 2 evaluate air movement and injection of a radioactive tagged dye in2 the blood stream 2 evaluate blood flow 2 the lungs
Ventilation-perfusion scan
98
2 names 4 a mechanical device 2 assist a patient 2 breath
Ventilator
Respirator
