Ch # 14 : Neurology Flashcards
1
Q
5 Suffixes meaning pertaining to
A
- al
- ar
- ary
- eal
- ic
- ine
2
Q
Receives info and then uses it 2 adjust the activity of muscles and glands 2 match the body’s needs
A
Sensory receptors
3
Q
What the nervous system consists of
Responsible 4 coordinating all the body’s activity
A
Brain
Spinal chord
Nerves
4
Q
1 of 2 parts that make up the nervous system
Consists of the brain and spinal chord
A
Central nervous system
CNS
5
Q
1 of 2 parts that make up the nervous system
Consists of all of the nerves carrying electrical impulses 2 the body’s organs
A
Peripheral nervous system
PNS
6
Q
The structures of the nervous system
Conducts electrical impulses necessary 2 carry info between CNS and the body
A
Neurons
7
Q
The point where 1 neuron meets another neuron
Message cannot transmit across the gap between neurons
A
Synapse
8
Q
The gap between 2 neurons
A
Synaptic gap
9
Q
Chemical messenger
A
Neurotransmitter
10
Q
An insulating substance that helps neurons conduct electrical impulses faster
A
Myelin sheath
11
Q
The branch of medicine that specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of conditions affecting the nervous system
Includes: brain, spinal chord and nerves
A
Neurology
12
Q
Treats muscle conditions caused by the nervous system
A
Neurologist
13
Q
A speciality 4 surgical procedures in treating nervous system conditions
A
Neurosurgery
14
Q
Suffix meaning pain
A
-algia
15
Q
Suffix meaning weakness
A
-asthenia
16
Q
Suffix meaning hernia or protrusion
A
-cele
17
Q
Suffix meaning surgical removal
A
-ectomy
18
Q
Suffix meaning feeling or sensation
A
-esthesia
19
Q
Suffix meaning record
A
-gram
20
Q
Suffix meaning process of recording
A
-graphy
21
Q
Suffix meaning inflammation
A
-itis
22
Q
Suffix meaning 1 who studies
A
-logist
23
Q
Suffix meaning softening
A
-malacia
24
Q
Suffix meaning tumor
A
-oma
25
Suffix meaning abnormal condition
-osis
26
Suffix meaning cutting in2
-otomy
27
Suffix meaning disease
-pathy
28
Suffix meaning speech
-phasia
29
Suffix meaning surgical repair
-plasty
30
Suffix meaning paralysis
-plegia
31
Suffix meaning suture
-rrhaphy
32
Suffix meaning harding
-sclerosis
33
Suffix meaning development
-trophic
34
2 Prefixes meaning w/out
A-
An-
35
Prefix meaning against
Anti-
36
Prefix meaning 2
Di-
37
Prefix meaning painful or difficult
Dys-
38
Prefix meaning half
Hemi-
39
Prefix meaning excessive
Hyper-
40
Prefix meaning 1
Mono-
41
Prefix meaning many
Poly-
42
Prefix meaning 4
Quadri-
43
Prefix meaning under
Sub-
44
Combining form meaning cerebellum
2nd largest part of the brain
Coordinates movement and maintains balence
Cerebell/o
45
Combining form meaning cerebrum
Largest part of the brain
Recieves sensory info and sends motor control commands
Responsible 4 memory, problem solving and language
Divided in2 4 lobes: frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital
Cerebr/o
46
Combining form meaning brain
1 of the largest organs in the body
Coordinates most the body's activites
4 sections: cerebrum, cerebellum, thalamus and brain stem
Encephal/o
47
Combining form meaning medulla oblongata
Part of the brain stem
Connects rest of the brain 2 the spinal chord
Contains controls for vitals: respiration, heart rate, temperature and blood pressure
Medull/o
48
Combining form meaning meninges
A 3 layer protective sac around the brain and spinal chord
Outer layer: dura matter
Middle layer: arachnoid layer
Inner layer: pia matter
Mening/o
49
Combining form meaning spinal chord
A colum of nervous tissue providing a path 4 messages traveling 2 and from the brain
Myel/o
50
Combining form meaning nerve
A chord-like bundle of neurons carrying messages between the CNS and the muscles and organs of the body
Neur/o
51
Combining form meaning pons
Part of the brain stem that connects the cerebellum 2 the rest of the brain
Pont/o
52
Combining form meaning thalamus
Part of the brain that relays incomming sensory info 2 the correct part of the cerebrum
Thalam/o
53
Chronic brain condition involving progressive disorientation, speech and gait disturbances and loss of memory
Alzheimer disease
54
2 different names 4 a diease w/muscular weakness and atrophy due 2 degeneration of mortar neurons of the spinal cord
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
(ALS)
Lou Gehrig disease
55
Medication 2 reduce excitability of neurons and 2 prevent uncontrolled neuron activity associated w/seizures
Anticonvulsant
56
Intracranial mass, either benign or malignant
Benign can still be fatal because it will grow and cause pressure on normal brain tissue
Brain tumor
57
Bruising of the brain from impact
Systems last longer than 24 hours and include unconsciousness, dizziness, vomiting, unequal pupil size and shock
Cerebral contusion
58
Non-progressive brain damage resulting from a defect in fetal development or trauma or oxygen deprivation at the time of birth
Cerebral palsy
| CP
59
Laboratory examination of clear, watery, colorless fluid from w/in the brain and spinal chord
Detects infections or bleeding in the brain
Cerebrospinal fluid analysis
60
2 different names 4 the development of brain infarct due 2 loss of the blood supply 2 the brain
Can be caused by a ruptures blood vessel (hemorrhage), floating clot (embolus), stationary clot (thrombus) or compression
Extent of damage depends on size and location of the infarct and can include dysphasia and hemiplegia
Cerebrovascular accident
(CVA)
Stroke
61
Profound unconsciousness or stupor resulting from illness or injury
Coma
62
Injury 2 the brain when the brain is shaken inside the skull because of impact
Systems last 24 hours or less and can include dizziness, vomiting, unequal pupil size and shock
Concussion
63
Progressive impairment of intellectual function that interferes w/preforming activities of daily life
Dementia
64
Recurrent disorder of the brain
Seizures and loss of consciousness as a result of uncontrolled neuron electrical activity
Epilepsy
65
Build-up of cerebrospinal fluid w/in the brain and if it's congenial it causes enlargement of the head
Treated by creating shunt from the brain 2 the abdomen 2 drain excess fluid
Hydrocephalus
66
3 different names 4 the puncture w/a needle in2 the lumbar vertebral area 2 w/draw fluid 4 examination or 4 the injection of medicine
Location of puncture is usually between the 4th and 5th vertebrae
Lumbar puncture
(LP)
Spinal tap
Spinal puncture
67
Specific type of headache characterized by severe head pain, sensitivity 2 light, dizziness and nausea
Migraine
68
Inflammatory autoimmune disease of the CNS
Immune system damages the myelin around the nerves and results in extreme weakness and numbness
Multiple sclerosis
| MS
69
Autoimmune disease w/severe muscular weakness and fatigue due 2 difficulty of the electrical impulse passing across the synapse from 1 nerve 2 the next
Myasthenia gravis
70
Temporary or permanent loss of muscle function and movement
Paralysis
71
Chronic disorder of the nervous system/fine tremors, muscle weakness, rigidity and shuffling gait
Parkinson disease
72
Use of positive radionuclides 2 reconstruct brain sections
Measurement of oxygen and glucose uptake, cerebral blood flow and blood volume can be taken
Amount of glucose the brain uses indicates metabolic activity
Positron emission tomography
| PET
73
Sudden uncontrollable onset of symptoms
Appears as a loss of awareness and absence of activity
Systems can include muscle convulsions
Seizures
74
2 different names 4 the eruption of painful blisters on the body along the nerve path
Thought 2 b caused by Varicella zoster virus infection of the nerve root
Shingles
Herpes zoster
75
Congenial defect in the walls of the spinal canal in which 2 sides of vertebra do not meet or close
Can result in meningocele or myelomeningole
Spina bifida
76
Damage 2 the spinal cord as a result of trauma
Spinal cord can be bruised or completely severed
Spinal cord injury
| SCI
77
Mass of blood forming underneath dura matter when meninges are torn by trauma
Can excerpt fatal pressure on brain if hematomais not drained by surgery
Subdermal hematoma
78
Fainting
Syncope
79
Temporary reduction of the blood supply 2 the brain
Causes various symptoms ex. syncope, numbness and hemiplegia
Can eventually lead 2 cerebrovascular accident
Transient ischemic attack
| TIA
